超疏水材料及其涂层的研究进展  

Research Progress of Superhydrophobic Materials and Their Coatings

作　　者：赵乐[1] ZHAO Le(State Key Laboratory of Marine Coating,Marine Chemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]海洋化工研究院有限公司海洋涂料国家重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第24期54-68,共15页Surface Technology

摘　　要：随着科技的飞速发展,各种新型材料层出不穷,其中超疏水材料及其涂层因其卓越的抗水特性,在医学、建筑、纺织等众多领域展现出广阔的应用前景,逐渐成为近年来备受关注的研究热点和前沿。因此,深入研究超疏水材料及其涂层的理论和制备方法显得尤为重要,这不仅有助于科研人员更好地理解和掌握此类材料的特性和应用,为其进一步的研究提供基础理论支撑,同时也有助于推动相关领域的技术创新和发展。详细阐述了超疏水材料的相关理论,包括其分子结构、表面能和润湿性等基础理论知识。同时,系统探讨了其制备方法,包括采用蜡处理法、光刻技术法、层层自组装法、电化学和化学物理复合法等各种方法制备具有超疏水性能的表面材料,并对各种方法进行比较和评价。最后,详细介绍了超疏水材料的性能及其在不同领域的应用,包括其在自清洁、防腐、防冰和防雾等方面的功能,为读者提供参考和借鉴。然而,超疏水材料及其涂层在实际应用中仍存在一些不足。对这些问题进行了探讨,分析其存在的问题和挑战,同时对未来发展进行了展望,为相关领域的研究提供一定的参考思路。With the rapid development of science and technology,new materials are being invented at an alarming rate.These materials have brought a plethora of conveniences and opportunities to our lives and social development.Among these innovative materials,surface hydrophobic materials and their coatings,due to their remarkable waterproof properties,show great potential in various fields such as medicine,construction and textiles,and gradually become a research hotspot and frontier that has attracted much attention in recent years.Superhydrophobic materials can keep water droplets in a spherical shape and prevent them from coming into contact with the surface,thus achieving the effect of waterproofing,antifouling and dustproofing.Superhydrophobic materials have a wide range of applications.For example,they can be used in umbrellas,raincoats,waterproof shoes,waterproof coatings and other items to enhance their water resistance.In addition,surface hydrophobic materials can also be applied in water purification,sewage treatment,ice and snow protection and other fields to improve their water resistance and purification effect.Therefore,it is essential to conduct an in-depth research on the theory and preparation methods of surface hydrophobic materials and their coatings.Further research on the characteristics of surface hydrophobic materials and the preparation methods of surface materials with surface hydrophobic properties has become a research topic that has attracted much attention.Only by in-depth understanding of these basic theoretical knowledge,can we better develop and utilize surface hydrophobic materials.This can not only promote technological innovation and development in related fields,but also provide new solutions for us to better understand and control the role of water.This paper aims to elaborate the theory of surface hydrophobic materials,including its molecular structure,surface energy,wettability,etc.At the same time,this paper also aims to discuss its preparation methods,including wax treatment,photoli

关 键 词：超疏水 接触角 抗冰 防腐 自清洁 涂层 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]