芋机械化收获现状、存在问题与发展建议  

Present Situation,Existing Problems and Development Suggestions of Taro Mechanized Harvest

作　　者：陈立才[1] 廖禺[1] 徐光浩 徐谐庆 欧阳淑珍 吴罗发[1] CHEN Licai;LIAO Yu;XU Guanghao;XU Xieqing;OUYANG Shuzhen;WU Luofa(Institute of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第12期20-26,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202208,JXSNKYJCRC202337);江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB215029);江西省农业重点项目(JXNK202308-03)。

摘　　要：我国芋种植历史悠久,种植范围广泛,因受品种特性、地理环境和种植模式的影响,目前我国芋收获仍以人工和中小型挖掘机收获方式为主,严重制约芋产业的发展。通过阐述国内外芋机械化收获装备和技术的研究现状及进展,总结出我国芋机械化收获面临农机与种植环境适用性不强,农机与农艺融合不够,产品质量和可靠性差,研发投入少、核心技术创新不足,联合收获或多功能的收获机具缺乏等主要问题。并对芋机械化收获面临的问题提出相关建议:因地制宜研制适用性收获装备,加强农机与农艺深度融合,借鉴先进经验、提升产品质量,加强核心部件和技术攻关,研发多功能和高性能收获装备。Taro planting has a long history and a wide range in China,due to its own varieties characteristics,geographical environment and planting mode,the taro mechanized harvesting is still mainly manual and compact excavator at present,which seriously restricts the development of taro industry.This paper expounds the research status and progress of equipment and technology of taro mechanized harvesting in domestic and foreign.On this basis,it is pointed out that the mechanization of taro harvesting in China faces problems such as insufficient applicability of agricultural machinery and planting environment,insufficient integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy,poor product quality and reliability,less investment,lack of core technological innovation and combine harvesters or multi-purpose harvesters,and relevant suggestions of taro mechanized harvesting are put forward for the problems faced as follows:developing the mechanized harvesting according to local conditions,strengthen the deep integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy,learning from the advanced experience to improve product quality,strengthen the research of core components and technology,developing multi-functional and high-performance harvesting equipment.

关 键 词：芋 机械化收获 现状 问题 建议 

分 类 号：S233.74[农业科学—农业机械化工程]