变动中的南亚地区安全复合体:多维空间实践与理论探索  

The Changing South Asian Regional Security Complex:Multidimensional Space Practices and Theoretical Exploration

作　　者：刘思伟[1] Liu Siwei

机构地区：[1]四川大学南亚研究所

出　　处：《南亚研究季刊》2024年第4期1-20,154,155,共22页South Asian Studies Quarterly

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“‘印太战略’背景下中国-南亚安全关系变化研究”(项目批准号:22JJD810025)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文提出了一个多议题空间和多尺度地理空间叠加的网络分析框架,以期弥补传统地区安全复合体理论之不足,并分析了南亚区域案例。南亚国家在多维空间的安全新实践正重塑其地区安全复合体,结构正从传统印巴两级转向多层多节的立体网络化结构。印度的中心性正不断提升,但复合体网络并非向树状等级网络方向演化,而是朝着关涉不同安全群组的多节多层网状网络发展。印度对南亚中小国家的安全控制力不宜过分夸大。南亚地区安全复合体发展演化受到多重因素影响,其中网络效应因素不可忽视。当前,除以领土安全为核心的南亚次大陆安全网络外,与其紧密嵌合在一起的其他几个子网络值得高度关注,如以海洋安全为核心的北印度洋区域安全网络,以气候、水及能源安全为核心的兴都库什-喜马拉雅区域安全网络以及以数据安全为核心的网络空间安全网络等。这些子网络的参与者更多元,意味着更多外部“渗透”发生,进而引发其以不同方式重塑南亚安全空间,改变安全依赖关系,并形塑地区安全复合体结构。In this paper,a framework for network analysis that incorporates multi-topic spaces and multi-scale geospatial overlay is introduced to address the limitations of the traditional regional security complex theory.A case study of South Asia is conducted to ilustrate this approach.The new security practices of South Asian countries in the multidimensional space are transforming their regional security complex,shifing from the traditional bilateral structure of India and Pakistan to a more complex,multidimensional network structure with an increased number of nodes.While India's centrality is on the rise,the complex network is not evolving into a hierarchical,tree-like strueture dominated by India,but rather towards a multifaceted and multilayered mesh network involving various security clusters.The security influence of India over smaller South Asian nations should not be overstated.The development and evolution of the regional security complex are influenced by a multitude of factors,of which the network efct is a significant consideration.Besides the South Asian subeontinent's security network,which is centered on territorial security,there are several other sub-security networks that warrant elose attention.These include the North Indian Oeean regional security network focused on maritime security,the Hindu Kush Himalayan regional security network with a focus on climate,water,and energy security,and the virtual cybersecurity network centered on data safety.The involvement of more participants in these sub-networks implies greater extemnal infiltration,which in turm reshape the security landscape of South Asia in diverse ways,altering security interdependencies and shaping the structure of the regional security complex.

关 键 词：地区安全复合体 南亚 网络分析 空间实践 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]