基于PMF模型的兰州市城关区VOCs来源解析研究  

Source analysis of VOCs in Chengguan District of Lanzhou based on PMF model

作　　者：王书苏 万雨勤 刘浩天 刘永乐 仝纪龙[1] WANG Shusu;WAN Yuqin;LIU Haotian;LIU Yongle;TONG Jilong(College of Atmospheric Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2024年第6期58-67,共10页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委项目(42075174);技术开发项目(LZSH-2024-JS-31)。

摘　　要：为了探究兰州市城关区VOCs的污染特征及来源,文章根据兰州市城关区2021年全年逐时VOCs组分监测数据对兰州市城关区VOCs污染特征进行分析,并利用正矩阵因子分解方法(PMF)定量解析兰州市城关区VOCs污染来源。结果表明:全年VOCs物质的年平均浓度为122.810μg/m^(3),VOCs物质浓度贡献由高到低依次是含氧化合物、烷烃、卤代烃、芳香烃、烯烃和炔烃;各季节VOCs质量浓度差异较大,呈现出秋冬季高、春夏季较低的污染特征;大部分VOCs浓度在四季均呈现较为明显的双峰型日变化特征。PMF源解析结果显示:全年VOCs污染源主要有5类,其贡献率由大到小依次为溶剂使用源、机动车尾气源、固定燃烧源、工艺过程源和油气挥发源;春季污染源有5类,夏季污染源有3类,秋季污染源有4类,冬季污染源有5类,其中夏季各污染源贡献大小依次是溶剂使用源、机动车尾气源和工艺过程源,冬季各污染源贡献大小依次是溶剂使用源、固定燃烧源、工艺过程源、油气挥发源和机动车尾气源。To explore the pollution characteristics and sources of VOCs in Chengguan District of Lanzhou,the pollution characteristics of VOCs in Chengguan District of Lanzhou based on hourly VOCs component monitoring data in 2021 were analyzed.The positive matrix factorization method(PMF)was used to quantitatively analyze the sources of VOCs pollution in Chengguan District of Lanzhou.The results showed that the annual average concentration of VOCs species was 122.810μg/m^(3),and the contribution of VOCs species concentration from high to low was oxygen-containing compounds,alkanes,halogenated hydrocarbons,aromatic hydrocarbons,alkenes,and alkynes.VOCs mass concentration varied greatly in each season,showing the characteristics of high pollution in autumn and winter and low pollution in spring and summer.Most VOCs concentrations showed obvious bimodal diurnal variation in four seasons.The PMF source analysis results showed that there were 5 types of VOCs pollution sources in the whole year,with their contribution rates in descending order being solvent usage sources,vehicle exhaust sources,fixed combustion sources,process sources,and oil and gas volatilization sources.There were 5 types of pollution sources in spring,3 types in summer,4 types in autumn,and 5 types in winter,of which the contribution of each pollution source in summer was the source of solvent use,vehicle exhaust source and process source,and the contribution of each pollution source in winter was the source of solvent use,fixed combustion source,process process source,oil and gas volatilization source and vehicle exhaust source.

关 键 词：大气挥发性有机物(VOCs) PMF模型 污染特征 来源解析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]