隧道衬砌结构不确定性分析与测点布置研究  

Study on Uncertainty Analysis and Sensor Placement of Tunnel Lining Structure

作　　者：李善豪 柯善鑫 李锋 张希龙 裴雪扬 LI Shanhao;KE Shanxin;LI Feng;ZHANG Xilong;PEI Xueyang(CCCC Third Highway Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101304,China;School of Civil Engineering,Yancheng Institute of Tech-nology,Yancheng 224051,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第三公路工程局有限公司,北京101304 [2]盐城工学院土木工程学院,江苏盐城224051

出　　处：《森林工程》2025年第1期205-216,共12页Forest Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52108287)。

摘　　要：在隧道工程中,确保衬砌结构安全至关重要,其中内力分析和安全评估是关键。通过数值模拟和现场监控量测手段分析结构内力,计算关键部位的安全系数。鉴于建模和测量误差的存在,引入概率模型量化安全系数估计的不确定性,并对轴力和弯矩的重构误差进行归一化处理,全面评价测点适宜性。以安徽境内某隧道为例,综合分析围岩压力分担比、水平围岩压力系数和测量噪声等因素对安全系数估计的影响,估计所得安全系数总体符合正态分布趋势,拱顶中部和拱肩位置处的安全系数波动较大。以减少估计不确定性和内力信息重构偏差为目标,结合现场实际工作条件安排测点位置。长期监测数据表明,二次衬砌结构内力在浇筑初期受多种因素影响波动明显,100 d后趋于稳定,结构安全储备充足。研究结果可为隧道衬砌结构安全系数统计分析和测点布置提供参考。In tunnel engineering,ensuring the safety of the lining structure is crucial,with internal force analysis and safety as-sessment being key components.This study analyzed the structural internal forces through numerical simulations and on-site monitor-ing measurements,calculating the safety factors at critical locations.Given the existence of modeling and measurement errors,this paper introduced a probabilistic model to quantify the uncertainty in estimating safety factors,and normalizes the reconstruction errors of axial forces and bending moments to comprehensively evaluate the suitability of measurement points.Taking a tunnel in Anhui as an example,the study comprehensively analyzed the impact of factors such as the rock pressure sharing ratio,the horizontal rock pres-sure coefficient,and measurement noise on the estimation of safety factors.The estimated safety factors generally followed a normal distribution trend,with larger fluctuations at the mid-arch and arch shoulder positions.Aiming to reduce estimation uncertainties and biases in the reconstruction of internal force information,measurement points were arranged in accordance with on-site working condi-tions.Long-term monitoring data indicated that the internal forces in the secondary lining structure fluctuated significantly due to vari-ous factors at the initial stage of casting and stabilized after 100 days,ensuring an adequate safety reserve for the structure.This re-search can provide references for the statistical analysis of safety factors and sensor placement in tunnel lining structures.

关 键 词：隧道工程 衬砌结构 不确定性分析 信息重构 测点布置 施工监控 不利位置 安全系数 

分 类 号：U456.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]