中国地震断裂带CO_(2)观测研究现状  

Review of CO_(2)Observation and Research on Seismic Fault Zones in China

作　　者：彭莱 樊春燕[3] 汪倩 蒋雨函 周启超 高小其 Peng Lai;Fan Chunyan;Wang Qian;Jiang Yuhan;Zhou Qichao;Gao Xiaoqi(School of Emergency Management Science and Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics,National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China,Beijing 100085,China;China Earthquake Networks Center,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学,应急管理科学与工程学院,北京100049 [2]应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,地壳动力学重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国地震台网中心,北京100045

出　　处：《中国地震》2024年第4期733-751,共19页Earthquake Research in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1509203);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(ZDJ2021-11)共同资助。

摘　　要：CO_(2)气体可以反映地球深部活动信息,且被广泛应用于深部断层活动以及构造运动的研究。本文初步探讨了地下深源CO_(2)的化学特性以及有机成因、变质成因和幔源成因三大形成机理,探求其来源判定方法。同时,基于气相色谱仪、CO_(2)快速测定管和数字化CO_(2)仪三种监测分析方法,分析了断裂带CO_(2)观测研究的进展,简述了数据处理和异常识别方法。并通过具体震例,获得了断裂带CO_(2)气体在地震前几个月至几天内出现的高出背景值数倍甚至数十倍的显著异常特征。最后,讨论了常见因素对断裂带逸出CO_(2)的影响:CO_(2)浓度主要受地下应力影响,与地下应力强度、气温呈正相关,与气压、降水呈负相关。CO_(2)have long been recognized as indicators of deep Earth activity and are extensively used in the study of fault dynamics and tectonic movements.This article explores the chemical characteristics of deep-sourced CO_(2),examining the three primary formation mechanisms-organic origin,metamorphic origin,and mantle origin-and methods for determining their sources.The study concludes that CO_(2)in fault zones primarily originates from metamorphic and mantle sources.The paper reviews the progress of CO_(2)observation in fault zones through three monitoring techniques:gas chromatography,CO_(2)detector tubes,and digital CO_(2)analyzers.It also outlines data processing and anomaly detection methods used in these studies.By analyzing earthquake case studies,the research demonstrates that CO_(2)concentrations in fault zones can increase several times-often by a factor of ten or more-compared to background levels in the months or days preceding an earthquake.Finally,the study discusses the factors influencing CO_(2)release from fault zones.CO_(2)concentration is found to be positively correlated with underground stress intensity and temperature,while it is negatively correlated with atmospheric pressure and precipitation.

关 键 词：地震断裂带 二氧化碳气体 断层土壤气 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]