有氧运动对甲基苯丙胺使用障碍患者心理渴求和计划功能的急性影响  

Acute Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Craving and Planning Function in Individuals with Methamphetamine Use Disorders

作　　者：王东石[1,2] 雒绍琛 肖娇娇 WANG Dongshi;LUO Shaochen;XIAO Jiaojiao(Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Henan Zhumadian Experimental Middle School,Zhumadian 463001,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学,浙江宁波315211 [2]上海体育大学,上海200438 [3]河南驻马店实验中学,河南驻马店463001

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2024年第12期25-34,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目(22ZJQN31YB)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨中等强度急性有氧运动对甲基苯丙胺使用障碍(Methamphetamine use disorders,MUD)患者心理渴求及计划功能的影响。方法:采用组内交叉设计,招募了40名男性MUD患者按照随机顺序完成20 min中等强度有氧运动任务和对照任务。任务全程监测心率,并每2 min进行1次主观疲劳度评估。在任务前、任务中、任务后即刻评估渴求度。任务后使用伦敦塔(Tower of London, TOL)任务评估计划功能。使用线性混合模型进行数据分析。结果:任务中和任务后即刻,有氧运动任务的渴求度显著低于对照任务。有氧运动后,在中等难度条件下,TOL任务中执行总时间与总计划解决时间显著改善。在高难度条件下,所有TOL指标均显著改善。结论:中等强度急性有氧运动能够有效减缓MUD患者的心理渴求并改善其计划功能,特别是在处理复杂问题时的计划过程。Objective:This study aimed to explore the effect of moderate-intensity acute aerobic exercise on craving and planning in individuals with methamphetamine use disorders(MUD).Methods:A within-subjects crossover design was employed,involving 40 male MUD patients who completed a 20-minute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise task and a control task in a random order.Heart rate was monitored throughout the tasks,and subjective fatigue was assessed every two minutes.Craving levels were evaluated before,during,and immediately after the tasks.Planning function was assessed using the Tower of London(TOL)task after the task.Data analysis was performed using linear mixed models.Results:During and immediately after the task,the craving level in the aerobic exercise task was significantly lower than in the control task.Following aerobic exercise,significant improvements were observed in total execution time and total planning solution time under moderate difficulty conditions in the TOL task.Under high difficulty conditions,all TOL indicators were significantly improved.Conclusions:Moderate-intensity acute aerobic exercise effectively reduce cravings and improves planning function in individuals with MUD,especially in the planning processes involved in solving complex problems.

关 键 词：急性有氧运动 甲基苯丙胺使用障碍 计划功能 伦敦塔任务 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]