高速电磁能推进装置枢轨接触特性分析及实验研究  

Analysis and Experimental Research on the Armature-Rail Contact Characteristics of High-Speed Electromagnetic Propulsion Devices

作　　者：祝丽花 刘平 谷雨茜 郝建英 田子豪 杨庆新 ZHU Lihua;LIU Ping;GU Yuxi;HAO Jianying;TIAN Zihao;YANG Qingxin(Tianjin Key Laboratory of New Energy Power Conversion Transmission and Intelligent Control,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学新能源电力变换传输与智能控制天津市重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2025年第1期28-36,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点资助项目(92066206)。

摘　　要：为准确分析高速增强型电磁能推进装置枢轨接触特性,提出了一种数值计算与实验测量相结合的方法,对推进装置枢轨接触特性进行动态分析。首先,建立接触电阻与膛口电压、轨道电流、磁场等物理量之间的数学模型,并设计实验对膛口电压、轨道电流、电枢速度以及空间磁场等装置参数进行测量;其次,通过膛口电压与轨道电流等实验测量数据和有限元数值计算结果,对增强型电磁能推进装置枢轨接触电阻进行计算;进一步根据接触电阻计算结果与电枢速度特性曲线,对不同阶段下推进装置枢轨接触特性进行分析;最后,将服役后的导轨进行拆解和形貌扫描,通过样貌图侧面验证了不同阶段接触特性分析的可靠性。研究结果表明:初始阶段枢轨接触电阻最大可达8.5 mΩ,且轨道在此阶段损伤较为严重;在加速至中高速阶段,接触电阻基本平稳在0.78 mΩ左右,枢轨接触状态较为稳定;在高速运动至出口阶段,接触电阻波动幅度较大,电接触稳定性差。研究内容可为轨道磨损以及提高系统性能等提供基础数据和新的可靠参考。To accurately analyze the armature-rail contact characteristics of high-speed enhanced electromagnetic energy propulsion devices,a method that combines numerical calculations with experimental measurements is proposed for dynamic analysis.Firstly,a mathematical model is established between contact resistance and physical quantities such as muzzle voltage,rail current,and magnetic field.Experiments are designed to measure parameters like muzzle voltage,rail current,armature speed,and spatial magnetic field.Subsequently,the armature-rail contact resistance of the enhanced electromagnetic energy propulsion device is calculated using experimental data on muzzle voltage and rail current as well as finite element numerical simulation results.Further analysis of the armature-rail contact characteristics at different stages is conducted based on the calculated contact resistance and armature speed characteristic curve.Finally,the serviced rails are disassembled and morphologically scanned to provide validation of the reliability of the contact characteristic analysis at different stages through the scan images.The research results reveal that the armature-rail contact resistance peak at 8.5 mΩduring the initial stage,leading to severe rail damage.As the acceleration progresses to medium and high speeds,the contact resistance stabilizes around 0.78 mΩ,indicating a consistent and stable armature-rail contact state.However,at the high-speed exit stage,the contact resistance exhibits significant fluctuations,resulting in poor electrical contact stability.This research offers fundamental data and a reliable reference for further research on rail wear and system performance enhancement in high-speed electromagnetic propulsion devices.

关 键 词：电磁能推进装置 高速状态 接触电阻 轨道形貌 枢轨接触 

分 类 号：TM359.4[电气工程—电机]