插芯结构对旋流冷却流动换热特性的影响  

Effect of Plug Structure on the Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Swirl Cooling

作　　者：何伟 肖俊峰[1] 高松[1] 李园园[1] 于飞龙[1] 伍赫 HE Wei;XIAO Junfeng;GAO Song;LI Yuanyuan;YU Feilong;WU He(Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,西安710054

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2025年第1期105-115,共11页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(HT-J2019-I-0003-0004);华能集团科技项目(HNKJ-H42)。

摘　　要：针对用于透平叶片前缘的旋流冷却结构,为了改善其冷气发展空间、提高综合冷却性能,提出了一种布置在冷却腔内的插芯结构。基于简化旋流冷却结构,采用数值模拟方法研究了插芯结构对旋流冷却靶面换热系数、综合冷却性能、流量分配、流动结构等的改善效果和作用机理。结果表明:增设插芯结构后,在射流雷诺数5 000~20 000范围内,旋流冷却结构的靶面面积平均努塞尔数增加了5.9%~8.3%,综合冷效因子增加了5.2%~6.6%,吸力侧努塞尔数提高了14.8%~16.6%,相邻喷嘴间流量的最大差从18%削减到5%。插芯结构削减了上游射流在旋流腔轴心处的发展空间,抑制了旋流回流和旋流涡核的形成,降低了上游冷气对新鲜射流的干扰,强化了旋流对壁面边界层的削弱效果,从而有效增加了旋流结构的一致性并提高了靶面换热系数的强度和均匀性。To optimize the coolant air development space and enhance overall cooling performance,a plug structure positioned within the cooling chamber is proposed for swirl cooling structures used at the leading edges of turbine blades.Based on a simplified swirl cooling structure,the effect and mechanism of the plug structure on the heat transfer coefficient,comprehensive cooling performance,flow distribution and flow structure of the swirl cooling target surface are investigated using the numerical simulation method.The results show that by incorporating the plug structure,within the jet Reynolds number range of 5000 to 20000,the average Nusselt number on the swirl cooling structure’s target surface increases by 5.9%to 8.3%,the overall cooling effectiveness factor rises by 5.2%to 6.6%,the Nusselt number on the suction side experiences a significant increase of 14.8%to 16.6%,and the maximum difference in flow between adjacent nozzles decreases from 18%to 5%.The plug structure reduces the development space of the upstream jets at the cooling chamber axis,thereby inhibiting the formation of swirl backflow and vortex cores.This reduction minimizes the interference of upstream coolant on fresh jets and strengthens the weakening effect of swirl on the wall boundary layer.Consequently,the plug structure effectively enhances the consistency of the swirl structure and improves the strength and uniformity of the heat transfer coefficient of the target surface.

关 键 词：旋流冷却 透平叶片 内部冷却 努塞尔数 射流雷诺数 

分 类 号：TK474.7[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]