基于多目标优化的寒冷地区宿舍建筑零能耗改造策略研究  

Research on Zero-Energy-Consumption Renovation Strategy of Dormitory Buildings in Cold Areas Based on Multi-Objective Optimization

作　　者：席晖[1] 赵宏勋 尹宝泉[2] 侯万钧[1] 高慧 XI Hui;ZHAO Hongxun;YIN Baoquan;HOU Wanjun;GAO Hui(Hebei University of Engineering;Tianjin University)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学 [2]天津大学

出　　处：《上海节能》2024年第12期1975-1983,共9页Shanghai Energy Saving

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目21374502D;天津市重点研发计划项目(18YFZCSF00630);邯郸市社科联“邯郸地区农宅太阳能供暖应用研究”(2024076)。

摘　　要：以南开大学八里台校区宿舍为例,旨在探讨寒冷地区现存大学宿舍楼的零能耗改造策略,目标是减少能源消耗、增强室内温度舒适度、缩短投资回收期,并找到一个综合最佳解决方案。研究从综合设计优化角度出发,将这些目标融为一体。研究首先对八里台校区的宿舍进行了现场考察,并基于调研成果,使用Grasshopper软件创建了一个基线模型。接着,应用Ladybug和Honeybee插件对建筑的能耗和室内温度舒适度进行模拟。通过分析实地调研数据和计算机模拟结果,并参照节能设计与评价的关键标准,完成基准建筑零能耗改造方案。最后,运用Octopus插件对零能耗建筑方案进行了能耗、室内舒适度、投资回收期和综合最优方案的多目标优化,研究发现所采用的优化策略具有实际的可行性和合理性。根据多目标优化结果,将最佳方案归类为经济最优、舒适度最优、节能最佳及平衡最优四种类型,并结合优化变量的实际取值,提出了具体的改造方案,以供寒冷地区现有大学宿舍建筑的节能改造参考。This article takes the dormitories of Nankai University's Balitai Campus as a case study,aiming to explore zero-energy retrofit strategies for existing university dormitory buildings in cold regions.The goals are to reduce energy consumption,enhance indoor thermal comfort,shorten the investment payback period,and find an integrated optimal solution.The research starts from a comprehensive design optimization perspective,integrating these objectives:Initially,an on-site survey of the dormitories at the Balitai Campus was conducted,and based on the survey findings,a baseline model was created using Grasshopper software.Subsequently,the Ladybug and Honeybee plugins were applied to simulate the building's energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort.By analyzing the on-site survey data and computer simulation results,and referring to key standards for energy saving design and evaluation,a baseline zero-energy retrofit scheme was completed.Finally,the Octopus plugin was used for multi-objective optimization of the zero-energy building scheme,including energy consumption,indoor comfort,investment payback period,and an integrated optimal solution.The study found the optimization strategy to be feasible and reasonable:According to the results of the multi-objective optimization,the best solutions were categorized intofour types:economically optimal,comfort optimal,energy-saving best,and balanced optimal.Combining the actual values of the optimization variables,specific retrofit schemes were proposed as a reference for energy saving renovations of existing university dormitories in cold regions.

关 键 词：高校宿舍建筑 参数化设计 近零能耗 多目标优化 改造策略 

分 类 号：TU241.3[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU201.5