不锈钢点焊车用材料JC本构模型构建及车体纵向动态承载能力研究  

Study on the Building of Johnson-Cook Constitutive Model for Spot-welded Stainless Steel Materials for Cars and the Longitudinal Dynamic Carrying Capability of Carbody

作　　者：张旭升 杨慧芳 秦睿贤 王希 陈秉智[2] ZHANG Xusheng;YANG Huifang;QIN Ruixian;WANG Xi;CHEN Bingzhi(CRRC Braking System Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China;Zhan Tianyou College of Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]中车制动系统有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]大连交通大学詹天佑学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第6期45-55,共11页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：传统不锈钢地铁车的碰撞分析中通常无法考虑车体所有材料的应变率效应,且多基于EN 15227:2008标准的速度工况,未考虑高速度工况下车体的动态响应,对其动态冲击分析不够完善。文章开展了不锈钢地铁车体常用不锈钢材料常温下准静态拉伸和动态冲击试验,完成了材料Johnson-Cook本构参数识别。分别识别头车和中间车的承载极限值,对比分析应变率效应、车钩载荷、冲击速度对承载能力的影响。根据车体纵向动态承载极限确定碰撞界面载荷上限,兼顾成本提出了一种阶跃式的界面能量分配模式。结果表明:不锈钢SUS301L和高强度钢S500MC均为应变率敏感材料,动态承载极限会受应变率效应和冲击速度的影响,确定单车的动态承载极限可为列车钩缓能量分配提供数值参考,且采用阶跃梯度的界面分布对改善列车耐撞性具有一定积极意义。In the collision analysis of conventional stainless steel metro cars,it′s generally impossible to consider the strain rate effect of all materials of the carbody,and the analyses are mostly based on the speed conditions in EN 15227:2008 without considering the dynamic response of the carbody in high-speed condition,so the dynamic impact analysis is not complete.This article describes the quasi-static tensile test and the dynamic impact test at ambient temperature for the commonly used stainless steel materials for stainless steel metro carbody,completing the identification of Johnson-Cook constitutive parameters of the materials.It separately identifies the carrying limit values of the lead car and the intermediate car,compares and analyzes the influence of the strain rate effect,the coupler load and the impact speed on the carrying capability.The upper limit of the collision interface load is determined according to the longitudinal dynamic carrying limit of the carbody,and a step interface energy distribution pattern is proposed on taking into account the cost.The result shows:both the stainless steel SUS301L and the high-strength steel S500MC are strain rate sensitive materials and their dynamic carrying limits are affected by the strain rate effect and the impact speed.Determining the dynamic carrying limit of a single car can provide numerical reference for the energy distribution of couplers and draft gears of the train,and the use of step gradient interface distribution has a certain positive significance for improving the crashworthiness of the train.

关 键 词：不锈钢地铁车 Johnson-Cook本构 动态承载极限 应变率 梯度能量分配 

分 类 号：U270.32[机械工程—车辆工程]