甲基苯丙胺滥用诱发神经退行性疾病的机制及相关治疗策略的研究进展  

Research progress in mechanisms of methamphetamineinduced neurodegenerative diseases and related therapeutic strategies

作　　者：李雄 杨根梦 严赫 丁佳萌 洪仕君 张冬先 LI Xiong;YANG Genmeng;YAN He;DING Jiameng;HONG Shijun;ZHANG Dongxian(NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine,School of Forensic Medicine,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学法医学院,国家卫健委毒品依赖和戒治重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2024年第12期959-966,共8页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

基　　金：云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学联合专项(202301-AY070001-262);云南省教育厅项目(2023Y0617)。

摘　　要：甲基苯丙胺(METH)是一种极易上瘾的合成精神活性药物,常作为精神兴奋剂被滥用。METH长期暴露可导致氧化应激、线粒体功能损伤、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的激活及氨基酸兴奋性毒性等,造成神经毒性。METH滥用可增加神经退行性疾病风险,如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和亨廷顿病。然而METH诱导神经毒性的机制尚不清楚,且无治疗METH所致神经毒性的方法。本文综述了近年来METH通过诱导神经毒性进而诱发多种神经退行性疾病的相关机制,如神经炎症、谷氨酸兴奋性毒性、氧化应激和线粒体毒性等,并讨论了相关治疗策略。Methamphetamine(METH)is a highly addictive synthetic psychoactive drug that is often abused as a psychostimulant.Chronic exposure to METH induces neurotoxic effects through oxidative stress,impairment of mitochondrial function,activation of astrocytes and microglia,and amino acid excitability.METH abuse increases the chance of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer′s disease,Parkinson′s disease,Huntington′s disease.However,the mechanism behind METH-induced neurotoxicity remains incompletely understood.So far,there is no specific treatment for METH-induced neurotoxicity.This paper reviews some of the potential mechanisms of METH-induced neurotoxicity in recent years,such as neuroinflammation,glutamatergic excitotoxicity,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial toxicity,and discusses the current therapeutic strategies related to mitigating the neurotoxic effects of METH in the brain through different pathways.

关 键 词：甲基苯丙胺 神经毒性 阿尔茨海默病 帕金森病 亨廷顿病 药物治疗 

分 类 号：R996[医药卫生—毒理学]