冰碛物工艺矿物学特征对铜钼矿浮选矿浆的影响  

Effects of process mineralogical characteristics of moraine on flotation pulp of copper-molybdenum ore

作　　者：李雄[1,2,3] 蓝卓越[1,2,3] 杨婉婷[1,2,3] 李云川 谢峰 简胜[4] LI Xiong;LAN Zhuoyue;YANG Wanting;LI Yunchuan;XIE Feng;JIAN Sheng(School of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Province Engineering Research Center for Reutilization of Metal Tailings Resources,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Mineral Processing Research Institute,Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093 [3]昆明理工大学云南省金属矿尾矿资源二次利用工程研究中心,昆明650093 [4]昆明冶金研究院选矿研究所,昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2024年第12期4180-4194,共15页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202202AB080012)。

摘　　要：云南迪庆普朗铜矿采用自然崩落法采矿,由于采空区地表塌陷的原因致使大量冰碛物进入矿井,造成矿石提前贫化和泥化,对后续的选别作业产生很大影响。本文针对普朗铜矿开展工艺矿物学研究,查明矿石中的矿物组成、嵌布特征和粒度分布,并在此基础上进行单矿物浮选试验和流变测量,分析冰碛物等矿泥对矿浆环境的影响,强化浮选过程的矿浆环境调整。结果说明:由于水玻璃在冰碛物/水界面发生了选择性吸附,因而对冰碛物有抑制作用;当冰碛物的单组分矿物绿泥石、钾长石和角闪石存在时,辉钼矿的浮选分离效率较高。非极性类硫化矿捕收剂MCO和水玻璃对黄铜矿和辉钼矿矿浆的表观黏度影响较小,但是对冰碛物矿浆的表观黏度影响较大。冰碛物的表观黏度随着MCO浓度的增大而升高,但随着水玻璃用量的增加而显著下降,表明水玻璃弱化了冰碛物颗粒之间的相互作用。水玻璃覆盖诱导的冰碛物颗粒间疏水缔合略有降低,冰碛物颗粒间较强的范德华力是形成复杂微观结构的主要原因,外部能量输入部分破坏细小冰碛物颗粒的聚集。随着磨矿细度的增加,矿浆黏度进一步增加,这是因为冰碛物溶解后产生的大量Ca^(2+)使得矿浆的黏度增加。The natural caving mining method in the Pulang copper mine of Diqing,Yunnan,causes a large amount of moraine to enter the ore,resulting in ore dilution and advanced slime,greatly affecting the subsequent sorting operation.This study focused on the process mineralogy of Pulang Copper Mine to identify the mineral composition,distribution characteristics,and particle size characteristics of the ore.Based on this,rheological measurements and single mineral flotation tests were conducted to analyze the influences of moraines and other slime on the pulp environment and to improve pulp adjustment during the flotation process.The results show that the inhibition effect of sodium silicate on moraine is due to its selective adsorption at the moraine-water interface.When chlorite,potassium feldspathite and hornblende are present in the flotation pulp,the flotation separation efficiency of molybdenite is higher.The non-polar sulfide ore collector(MCO)and sodium silicate have little influences on the apparent viscosities of chalcopyrite and molybdenite pulp,but greatly impact the viscosity of moraine pulp.The apparent viscosity of moraine increases with the increase in MCO concentration,while it decreases significantly with the increase of sodium silicate dosage,indicating that sodium silicate weakens the interaction between moraine particles.The hydrophobic association between the particles of the moraine induced by sodium silicate coverage is slightly reduced.The strong van der Waals forces between the particles of the moraine are the main reason for the formation of complex microstructure.The external energy input partially destroys the aggregation of fine moraine particles.The pulp viscosity further increases with the increase of grinding fineness because the large amount of Ca^(2+)produced after the dissolution of the moraine makes the pulp viscosity increase.

关 键 词：铜钼矿 工艺矿物学 冰碛物 矿浆 流变 浮选 

分 类 号：TD95[矿业工程—选矿] TD923