钢轨接头夹板动态受力状况仿真计算研究  

Simulation Calculation Study on Dynamic Stress Condition of Rail Joint Bar

作　　者：任国强 王文峰 郭泽策 赵硕 白金虎 REN Guoqiang;WANG Wenfeng;GUO Zece;ZHAO Shuo;BAI Jinhu(Standards&Metrology Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司标准计量研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2024年第6期11-15,共5页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(J2022G013)。

摘　　要：采用Abaqus仿真计算软件建立轮-轨-夹板动态仿真计算模型,通过模拟车轮经过钢轨接头时冲击钢轨并将载荷传递至钢轨接头夹板的过程来研究夹板的动态受力状况。结果表明:车轮驶过钢轨接头时,钢轨接头夹板底部与轨底坡接触斜面受到交变接触应力和沿钢轨长度方向的交变拉/压应力,剪切应力可忽略不计;钢轨接头夹板顶部与轨颚接触的斜面受到交变接触应力、沿钢轨长度方向的交变拉/压应力以及沿钢轨高度方向的交变剪切应力。钢轨接头夹板裂纹起源于这2个斜面的原因是此处表面受到接触交变应力,裂纹扩展直至断裂的主要原因是此处受拉/压交变应力和剪切交变应力。Abaqus simulation software was used to establish the wheel-rail-joint bar dynamic simulation calculation model,and the dynamic force of the joint bar was studied by simulating the process of the wheel impacting the rail and transferring the load to the rail joint bar when the wheel passed through the rail joint.The results show that when the wheel passes through the rail joint,the contact inclined plane between the bottom of the rail joint bar and the bottom slope of the rail is subjected to alternating contact stress and alternating tensile/compressive stress along the length of the rail,and the shear stress is negligible.The inclined plane on which the top of the rail joint bar contact with the rail jaw is subjected to alternating contact stresses,alternating tensile and compressive stresses along the length of the rail,and alternating shear stresses along the rail height.The reason why the crack of the rail joint bar originates in these two positions is that the surface is subjected to contact alternating stress,and the main reason for the crack propagation until fracture is the tensile/compressive alternating stress and shear alternating stress.

关 键 词：钢轨接头夹板 仿真计算 动态受力状况 交变应力 

分 类 号：U213.51[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]