钢轨闪光焊接头异常回波的缺陷特征分析  

Defect Features Analysis of Ultrasonic Detected Abnormal Rail Flash Butt Welding Joints

作　　者：倪峥嵘 后耀龙 NI Zhengrong;HOU Yaolong(Metal and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Lanzhou Works Mechanical Section,China Railway Lanzhou Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou Gansu 730060,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司兰州工务机械段,兰州730060

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2024年第6期83-88,共6页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(N2023G048)。

摘　　要：为了研究厂焊钢轨接头超声检测异常回波现象,使用相同工艺制备了4个接头,其中2个接头存在异常回波。对接头分组,完成了落锤试验、断口宏观分析、断口微观分析和显微分析、成分分析等检验。结果表明:接头异常回波由一系列轨底孔洞状缺陷导致。该类缺陷分布在焊缝两侧,随着与轨底距离的增加而逐渐减少直至消失。缺陷对接头综合力学性能有不利影响,缺陷的产生与钢轨中的夹杂物有直接关系。In order to research the ultrasonic detected abnormal rail flash butt welding joints.4 rail welding joints were produced by one particular process,2 joints presented abnormal high echo during the ultrasonic detection.Comparison groups were set,drop hammer test,fracture macro-analysis,fracture micro-analysis,microscopic analysis,elemental analysis were conducted on the welds.The results show that the abnormal high echo was caused by a series hole defects which distributed in the rail bottom.The defects distributed in the both sides of the weld line,the amount of the detects was gradually decreasing along with the distance from the rail bottom,disappear eventually.The detects have an adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the welds.The nonmetallic inclusion in the rail are directly related to the generation of defects.

关 键 词：钢轨 闪光焊 超声检测 缺陷 

分 类 号：U213.46[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]