特厚煤层覆岩关键层判定及运移规律相似模拟研究  

Similar Simulation Study on Key Layer Determination and Migration Law of Overburden Rock in Extra-thick Coal Seam

作　　者：冉丛江 王恩茂 王树鑫 宋炳霖 苏光浩 RAN Congjiang;WANG Enmao;WANG Shuxin;SONG Binglin;SU Guanghao(CHN Energy Xinjiang Energy Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830000,China;College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团新疆能源有限责任公司,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2025年第1期63-70,共8页Coal Technology

摘　　要：为摸清宽沟煤矿W1123工作面在实体煤及采空区下开采的覆岩运移规律,搭建综放面走向方向物理相似模拟实验模型,利用全站仪和百分表对模型回采过程中工作面覆岩运移以及下沉值进行定期全方位监测,探讨关键层及特厚煤层对覆岩垮落的影响,分析覆岩运移规律。结果表明:层厚为15.9 m的粗粒砂岩为主关键层;W1145工作面回采至104 m时,工作面覆岩老顶垮落,形成由主关键层组成的拱形稳定结构,回采至192 m时,回采特厚煤层产生较强矿压汇集至主关键层,其控制的覆岩结构发生失稳,产生较大面积垮落,矿压显现强烈,回采结束时,最大下沉值达1.4 m;W1123工作面回采至396 m时,距工作面前方10 m处岩层出现裂隙并突然垮落,两工作面发生贯通,最大下沉值达2.6 m,回采结束时,最大下沉值达1.38 m。为采空区岩层的稳定性研究提供科学依据。In order to find out the overburden migration law of the W1123 working face of Kuangou coal mine under solid coal and goaf area,builds a physical similarity simulation experimental model of the direction of the comprehensive surface,uses the total station and dial meter to regularly and comprehensively monitor the overburden migration and subsidence value of the working face during the recovery process of the model,discusses the influence of key layer and extra-thick coal seam on overburden collapse,and analyzes the overburden migration law.The results show that the coarsegrained sandstone with a layer thickness of 15.9 m is the main key layer;when the W1145 working face is mined to 104 m,the old roof of the working face overburden collapses,forming an arch-shaped stable structure composed of the main key layer,and when the mining reaches 192 m,the remining of extra-thick coal seam produces strong ore pressure and converges to the main key layer,and the overburden structure controlled by it is unstable,resulting in a large area of collapse,the ore pressure appears strong,and the maximum sinking value reaches 1.4 m at the end of mining;when W1123 working face is mined to 396 m,a crack appears in the rock layer 10 m from the front of the work and suddenly collapses,and the two working faces penetrate,the maximum sinking value is 2.6 m,and at the end of mining,the maximum sinking value is 1.38 m.Provide a scientific basis for the stability study of rock formations in the goaf area.

关 键 词：覆岩运移规律 关键层 物理相似模拟 实体煤 下沉值 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]