赞比亚某氧化铜矿酸浸试验研究  

Experimental Study on Acid Leaching of a Copper Oxide Mine in Zambia

作　　者：范巍 李硕夫 李勤 FAN Wei;LI Shuo-fu;LI Qin(China Nonferrous Metal Mining(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China;China Nonferrous Metals Society,Beijing 100814,China)

机构地区：[1]中国有色矿业集团有限公司,北京100029 [2]中国有色金属学会,北京100814

出　　处：《有色矿冶》2024年第6期22-25,共4页Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：以非洲某复杂氧化铜矿为研究对象开展了酸浸试验研究,该矿石组成复杂、铜品位较低、结合氧化铜含量高且混有部分硫化铜矿,是典型的难处理复杂氧化铜矿石。工艺矿物学研究表明,矿石中主要有价成分Cu的含量为1.26%,含铜矿物主要以氧化铜为主,分布率高达79.2%。试验分析了磨矿细度、浸出酸度、浸出温度等因素对铜浸出效果的影响以及杂质的溶出行为。结果表明,在矿石粒度-200目占比75%、初始酸浓度25 g/L、浸出温度65℃、液固比2∶1、浸出时间5 h条件下,铜的浸出率达77.61%。浸出温度对Cu浸出效果影响显著,Fe、Al、Mg等杂质浸出率亦随浸出温度升高而增加,这是因为试样中结合氧化铜含量较高,严重依赖温度对浸出反应的催化作用。浸渣矿物学分析表明,浸出渣中含铜矿物主要为黄铜矿、斑铜矿和辉铜矿等硫化铜矿物,氧化铜矿物含量极低,硫化铜矿物自身难以浸出是造成铜回收率低的主要原因,后续可重点考察硫化铜矿的氧化浸出。This paper takes the complex oxide copper deposit in Africa as the research object and conducts an acid leaching test.The ore has a complex composition,low copper grade,high combined copper oxide content and is mixed with some copper sulfide ores.It is a typical complex and difficult-to-process copper oxide ore.Process mineralogy research shows that the content of Cu,the main valuable component in the ore,is 1.26%,and copper-containing minerals are mainly copper oxide,with a distribution rate as high as 79.2%.The experiment analyzed the influence of grinding fineness,leaching acidity,leaching temperature and other factors on the copper leaching effect and the dissolution behavior of impurities.The results show that under the conditions of an ore particle size of-200 mesh accounting for 75%,an initial acid concentration of 25 g/L,a leaching temperature of 65℃,a liquid-to-solid ratio of 2∶1,and a leaching time of 5 hours,the copper leaching rate reached 77.61%.The leaching temperature has a significant impact on the Cu leaching effect.The leaching rate of Fe,Al,Mg and other impurities also increases with the increase of leaching temperature.This is because the bound copper oxide content in the sample is high and relies heavily on the catalytic effect of temperature on the leaching reaction.Mineralogical analysis of the leaching residue shows that the copper-containing minerals in the leaching residue are mainly copper sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite,bornite and chalcocite.The content of copper oxide minerals is extremely low,which is due to the difficulty of leaching the copper sulfide minerals themselves.The main reason for the low copper recovery rate is the oxidative leaching of copper sulfide ores.

关 键 词：氧化铜矿 硫酸酸浸 工艺矿物学 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]