利用大气阻力的低能耗高连续低轨星座构型保持方法  

A Low Energy Consumption High Continuity Maintenance Method of Low Earth Orbit Constellation Using Atmosphere Drag

作　　者：郑奕 林宝军 刘迎春[2,3,4] 林夏 ZHENG Yi;LIN Baojun;LIU Yingchun;LIN Xia(Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;School of Computer Science and Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shanghai MicroSat Engineering Center,Shanghai 201210,China;Institute of MicroSat Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201210,China;School of Information Science and Technology,ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [2]中国科学院大学计算机科学与技术学院,北京100049 [3]上海微小卫星工程中心,上海201210 [4]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201210 [5]上海科技大学信息科学与技术学院,上海201210

出　　处：《同济大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第12期1965-1974,共10页Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science

基　　金：上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划项目基金(21yf1446000)。

摘　　要：针对传统低轨星座构型维持中频繁机动导致的寿命缩减以及性能下降问题,提出了一种利用大气阻力的低轨星座相对构型自主保持方法。首先通过理论分析明确了大气阻力和卫星轨道相位之间的关系,而后在卫星能源、姿态指向等约束下,设计了通过旋转帆板改变卫星迎风面积的星座构型自主保持方法,并实现了算法的仿真验证。仿真结果表明,通过改变帆板迎风面积,可使卫星相对相位偏差量控制在0.1°以内,相对半长轴差控制在40m以内,卫星一年内无需进行主动相位控制,整星寿命期间燃耗节省至少13.284kg。该方法能有效降低卫星燃料消耗,增加卫星整体服务连续性。To address the decline of lifespan and overall performance caused by frequent maneuver in traditional constellation maintenance,this paper proposes an autonomous relative structure maintenance method using atmosphere drag.First,it clarifies the relationship between atmosphere drag and orbital phase of low earth orbit(LEO)satellite by theoretical analysis.Next,considering the constraint of satellite power and attitude control,It designs a method by rotating solar panel to change effective frontal area of the satellite so as to achieve autonomous structure maintenance of LEO constellation.Finally,it conducts a simulation and validates that by changing frontal area of solar panel,the relative phase deviation of two satellites is maintained within 0.1 degree.The relative semi-axis deviation is controlled within 40 meters.Active station-keeping control is not needed in one year,and this method saves at least 13.284 kg of fuel consumption in entire lifespan of satellite.Therefore,the continuity of satellite services is ensured and lifetime of satellite is prolonged.

关 键 词：低轨星座 相位保持 大气阻力 太阳帆板 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]