废弃煤矿山地热资源开发利用研究  

Development and utilization of geothermal resources in abandoned coal mines

作　　者：张发旺 赵淼 李胜涛[1] 谭现锋 么红超[4] 崔俊艳 ZHANG Fawang;ZHAO Miao;LI Shengtao;TAN Xianfeng;YAO Hongchao;CUI Junyan(Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300304,China;Beijing Enguneering Corporation Limited,Beijing 100038,China;Lunan Geological Engineering Investigation and Survey Institute,Jining 272100,Shandong,China;Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,天津300304 [2]北京市勘察设计研究院有限公司,北京100038 [3]山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院,山东济宁272100 [4]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061 [5]中国地质科学院,北京100037

出　　处：《中国地质》2024年第6期1883-1894,共12页Geology in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130637)资助。

摘　　要：【研究目的】随着中国能源结构调整的逐步进行和煤炭去产能政策的实施,近年来关闭/废弃煤矿数量有所增加。常规地热开采通常面临着投资成本大、易诱发地质环境灾害等问题,而关闭/废弃煤矿含有丰富的热水以及空间资源,有效降低地热资源开发风险与投资成本。矿山地热不同于常规的浅层地热和中深层水热,也不同于油田地热,有其自身的特征,因此,需要采用不同的地热开发利用技术。【研究方法】本文通过文献综述法,总结了中国煤矿山地热资源分布特征。在分析矿山地热资源开发利用方法的基础上,提出将矿山地热能及造成的热害转变为地热资源有效加以利用的方式,论述了矿井地热开发理论在实际案例中的运用,对矿山地热资源开发利用的多种方式进行可行性的探索分析。【研究结果】(1)矿井水地热资源利用方法大致分为两大类:地热回收闭式系统和地热回收开式系统;(2)中国26个主要产煤省份,高地温矿井分布在河南、江苏、山东等13个省份。主要赋煤区地热资源热储量为1.12×10^(19) kJ,折合标煤3795.39亿t,其中74.66%的煤矿地热资源量位于华北;(3)以山东唐口煤矿为例建立地热资源利用模型,探讨了中国煤矿山地热资源利用.的可行性方案;(4)提出了多种矿井水地热发展方向,建立“煤-水-热”的联动联采研究以及智能化的监控系统、探索矿井水中提取锂等价值高的元素、利用地热将废弃煤矿改造成地下农场等。【结论】碳减排是应对气候变化的关键挑战之一。利用废弃煤矿山中的地热资源,可以减少对传统化石燃料的依赖,降低二氧化碳和其他温室气体的排放量,为碳减排目标做出积极贡献。但中国矿山水文地质条件复杂,不可照搬国外典型矿山地热资源开发利用经验,应当积极探索适用于中国的废弃矿井地热应用新模式。This paper is the result of geothermal exploration engineering.Objective With the gradual adjustment of China's energy structure and the implementation of coal capacity reduction policy,the number of closed/abandoned coal mines has increased in recent years.Under normal circumstances,conventional geothermal mining faces problems such as large investment costs and easy to induce geological and environmental disasters,while closed/abandoned coal mines contain abundant hot water and space resources,which effectively reduces the risk and investment cost of geothermal resource development.Mine geothermal is different from conventional shallow geothermal and medium and deep hydrothermal heat,and also different from oil field geothermal heat,and has its own characteristics,so it is necessary to adopt different geothermal development and utilization technologies.Methods This paper summarizes the distribution characteristics of geothermal resources in coal mines in China by literature review method.On the basis of analyzing the development and utilization methods of mine geothermal resources,this paper proposes a way to transform mine geothermal energy and the heat damage caused by it into effective utilization of geothermal resources,discusses the application of mine geothermal development theory in practical cases,and explores and analyzes the feasibility of various ways of mine geothermal resource development and utilization.Results(1)The utilization methods of mine water geothermal resources are roughly divided into two categories:geothermal recovery closed system and geothermal recovery open system;(2)China's 26 major coal−producing provinces,high−altitude temperature mines are distributed in 13 provinces such as Henan,Jiangsu and Shandong.The thermal reserves of geothermal resources in the main coal−endowed areas are 1.12×10^(19) kJ,equivalent to 379.539 billion tons of standard coal,of which 74.66%of the geothermal resources of coal mines are located in North China;(3)Taking Shandong Tangkou Coal Mine as an

关 键 词：煤矿地热 废弃矿山 地热开采 应用模式 矿井地热系统 地热勘查工程 

分 类 号：TK521[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] P314[天文地球—固体地球物理学]