无机成因天然氢气的形成机理与中国天然氢气资源潜力分析  

Formation mechanisms of inorganic-genetic natural hydrogen andresource potential analysis in China

作　　者：钟治奇 周文[1] 章威 陶辉飞 伏美燕[1] ZHONG Zhiqi;ZHOU Wen;ZHANG Wei;TAO Huifei;FU Meiyan(College of Energy(College of Modern Shale Gas Industry),Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学能源学院(页岩气现代产业学院),成都610059 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,兰州730000

出　　处：《成都理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期942-952,965,共12页Journal of Chengdu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition

基　　金：中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队计划(YSBR-017)。

摘　　要：作为化石燃料的理想替代品,氢气被视为实现全球能源转型的重要资源。当前,所有人工制备的氢气成本过高,难以与化石燃料带来的经济效益竞争,唯有天然氢气(即金氢)能够为氢气经济提供具有成本效益的动力。天然氢气是一种无碳、可持续利用的资源。地下不断生成的天然氢气渗透到地表的现象,也暗示着地下存在更大的氢气储量。然而,目前对天然氢气的研究尚处于初期阶段,因此天然氢气研究的核心将集中于探索天然氢气的成因机理及其资源潜力评价。在综述现有研究的基础上,概述了无机成因天然氢气的3种主要赋存状态,包括游离态氢、包裹体中的氢和水中的溶解氢。基于现有理论和已发现的天然氢气特征,从深源氢、蛇纹石化作用、水的辐解作用和岩石破裂产氢4个方面总结了无机成因天然氢气的形成机理;并通过对比这4类天然氢气的生氢能力,探讨其能源潜力。在生氢机理与地质富集条件相结合的基础上,通过分析中国已发现天然氢气的地点,总结并预测了可能具有天然氢气藏的地区,为中国天然氢气的发展与探索提供战略指导。Hydrogen,as a viable alternative to fossil fuels,is considered a crucial resource for achieving global energy transition.However,at present,all artificially produced hydrogen(such as green hydrogen,blue hydrogen,and gray hydrogen)is too expensive to compete with fossil fuels.Only golden hydrogen(natural hydrogen)can provide a cost-effective boost to the hydrogen economy.Current research indicates that geological natural hydrogen is a carbon-free and sustainable resource.Signs of hydrogen seepage to the surface,generated by the continuous production of natural hydrogen underground,may indicate larger reserves below.Yet,the exploration of natural hydrogen is still in its early stages,with a core focus on the mechanisms of inorganic genesis of natural hydrogen and the evaluation of corresponding types of natural hydrogen resources.This paper synthesizes a large amount of current research literature and summarizes the main forms of natural hydrogen occurrence,namely free hydrogen,hydrogen in inclusions,and hydrogen dissolved in water.Based on existing theories and characteristics of natural hydrogen discoveries,we summarize the main inorganic genesis mechanisms of natural hydrogen known at present,including deep hydrogen,serpentinization,radiolysis of water,and rock fracturing.The paper also explores the energy potential of various types of natural hydrogen through a comparative analysis of their hydrogen generation capacities.Finally,we combine hydrogen generation mechanisms with geological enrichment conditions and,based on the locations in China where hydrogen has been discovered,summarize and speculate on areas with potential natural hydrogen reservoirs,which hold strategic significance for the development of natural hydrogen in China.

关 键 词：天然氢气 赋存状态 无机成因 资源潜力 氢气勘探 

分 类 号：P618.1[天文地球—矿床学] TK91[天文地球—地质学]