奶牛血钾浓度的生理特性及其遗传基础  

Physiological Characteristics of Blood Potassium Concentration in Dairy Cows and Their Genetic Characteristic

作　　者：王泽 杨桐桐 张海亮 俞英 王雅春 WANG Ze;YANG Tongtong;ZHANG Hailiang;YU Ying;WANG Yachun(State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding,National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding,and Reproduction,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖(家畜)重点实验室,畜禽育种国家工程实验室,畜禽生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2024年第12期24-29,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36);宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2022BBF02017);宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2023BCF01004);西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202201ZY0004N);青海省重大科技专项(2021-NK-A5)。

摘　　要：20世纪70年代以来,血钾浓度与奶牛的健康状况和生产性能的关系引起了广泛关注。血钾浓度指标主要包括全血钾浓度、血清钾浓度、血浆钾浓度和红细胞钾浓度等,检测血钾浓度及其变化是预防奶牛疾病、提升饲养水平和提高生产效率等方面的重要管理手段。但检测血钾浓度的方法以及血钾浓度在遗传领域的研究仍有较大空间。本文综述了奶牛血钾浓度的测定方法和主要研究方向、奶牛血钾浓度的群体特征及非遗传因素的影响、奶牛血钾浓度与热应激和健康及繁殖的关系、奶牛血钾浓度在遗传领域的研究进展,包括遗传力、与重要经济性状的遗传相关估计值和遗传标记等,以期为我国奶牛血钾浓度的深入研究提供参考。Since the 1970s,the relationship between blood potassium concentration(BPC),the health status,and the production performance of dairy cows has attracted considerable attention.The potassium concentration in the blood includes whole-blood potassium concentration,serum potassium concentration,plasma potassium concentration,and erythrocyte potassium concentration.Especially in preventing diseases and improving management levels and production efficiency,monitoring BPC has become an important management method in farms.However,there is still a large space for the method of detecting BPC and the study of BPC in the genetic field.This article reviews the determination methods and main research directions of BPC in dairy cows,the population characteristics of BPC in dairy cows and the influence of non-genetic factors,the relationship between BPC in dairy cows and heat stress,health and reproduction,and the research progress of BPC in genetic field,including heritability,genetic correlation estimates and genetic markers with important economic traits.This review provides a reference for the in-depth study of BPC in dairy cows.

关 键 词：血钾浓度 生理特征 遗传 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]