植物多糖改善猪精液冻存效果的应用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Application of Plant Polysaccharides in Cryopreservation of Pig Sperm

作　　者：董小英[1,2] 唐雨辰 唐胜球[1,2] DONG Xiaoying;TANG Yuchen;TANG Shengqiu(School of Biology&Agriculture,Shaoguan University,Guangdong Shaoguan 512005,China;North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control,Shaoguan University,Guangdong Shaoguan 512005,China)

机构地区：[1]韶关学院生物与农业学院,广东韶关512005 [2]韶关学院粤北生猪生产及疾病防控协同创新发展中心,广东韶关512005

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2024年第12期80-85,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515010104、2024A1515013150);广东省高校人工智能和服务乡村振兴重点领域专项(2019KZDZX2007);韶关市科技支撑乡村振兴项目(230615148039793);广东省高校“双带头人”教师党支部书记“广东行”专项行动(粤教工委组函[2024]12号)。

摘　　要：植物多糖具有改善心肺功能、保护肝脏、抵抗病毒和肿瘤、消除炎症、调节肠道菌群、降低血糖和血脂、增强机体免疫力等生物学功能。与合成聚合物相比,植物多糖无毒、可生物降解、具有良好的生物相容性和低廉的价格,受到广泛关注。猪精液在冻存时会伴随腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸消耗和精子老化,并产生活性氧等有害副产物,影响人工授精后母猪受胎率。为此,生产中常向猪精液稀释液中添加黄芪多糖、枸杞多糖、红景天多糖、海带多糖、丹参多糖等植物多糖,以减缓有害副产物的产生,提高精子抗低温打击能力,减缓氧化应激,改善冻存精液品质,提高母猪受孕率。本文就植物多糖改善精液冻存效果的作用机理及应用进行综述,以期为畜牧业高质量发展提供科学参考。Plant polysaccharides have biological functions such as improving cardiovascular function,protecting the liver,resisting viruses and tumors,eliminating inflammation,regulating gut microbiota,lowering blood sugar and lipids,and enhancing the body’s immunity.Compared with synthetic polymers,it has attracted widespread attention due to its nontoxic,biodegradable,good biocompatibility,and low cost.Cryopreservation of pig sperm is accompanied by the consumption of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and sperm aging,as well as the production of harmful products such as excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS),resulting in unsatisfactory fertilization rates for artificially inseminated sows.Therefore,in practice,plant polysaccharides such as Astragalus polysaccharides,goji berry polysaccharides,Rhodiola polysaccharides,kelp polysaccharides,and Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides are often added to pig sperm diluents to slow down the production of harmful products,improve sperm resistance to low-temperature shocks,and alleviate oxidative stress,thereby improving the quality of frozen sperm and increasing the pregnancy rate of sows.This article mainly provides an overview of the mechanism and application of plant polysaccharides for improving the cryopreservation efficiency of sperm in order to provide scientific reference for the high-quality development of animal husbandry.

关 键 词：植物多糖 精液 冷冻保存 氧化应激 精液品质 猪 

分 类 号：S828.3[农业科学—畜牧学]