茜草主要成分提取方法比较及加工前后变化规律研究  

Comparison of extraction methods of main components of Rubiae radix et rhizoma and study of the changes before and after processing

作　　者：陆元勋 章哲文 陈宏降 罗益远 LU Yuanxun;ZHANG Zhewen;CHEN Hongjiang;LUO Yiyuan(Ningbo Ming Bei China Pharmaceutical Co.,LTD,Ningbo 315192,Zhejiang Province,China;College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University,Ningbo 315500,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波明贝中药业有限公司质量检测中心,浙江宁波315192 [2]浙江药科职业大学中药学院,浙江宁波315500

出　　处：《药学前沿》2024年第12期617-622,共6页China Pharmacist

基　　金：浙江省公益基础研究项目(LTGN23H280002);浙江省高校国内访问工程师“校企合作项目”(FG2023003);宁波市自然科学基金(2023J306)。

摘　　要：目的比较提取方法对茜草中主要成分的影响,并探讨茜草加工前后主要化学成分的变化规律。方法采用《中国药典(2020年版)》茜草含量测定项下供试品溶液制备方法(药典法)和优化后的供试品溶液制备方法(改良法),分别测定茜草加工前后羟基茜草素和大叶茜草素含量,对比分析其变化特点。结果用直接酸提的方式代替药典法的醇提酸解过程,操作简便,耗时短。方法学考察结果24h内溶液稳定性良好,羟基茜草素和大叶茜草素的平均回收率分别在102.12%~104.95%(RSD为1.13%)和93.78%~95.49%(RSD为0.80%)范围内(n=6);药典法测定结果显示茜草加工后羟基茜草素含量下降,大叶茜草素含量上升,药典标准与实际变化趋势不完全相符;改良法结果显示对羟基茜草素的提取效率显著提高,能更真实地反映茜草中羟基茜草素的总量。结论所建立的方法准确、简单有效,为茜草检验标准的合理制订和质量控制提供参考。Objective To compare the impacts of different extraction techniques on the primary components of Rubiae radix et rhizoma and investigate the variations in the major chemical constituents before and after processing.Methods The concentrations of purpurin and rubimaillin were assayed using the methods prescribed in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(pharmacopoeia method)and an optimized method(improved method).The changes in these constituents were then compared and analyzed.Results The acid extraction method was adopted to simplify the alcohol extraction and acid hydrolysis process recommended by the pharmacopoeia method,leading to a more efficient and less time-consuming procedure.The results of methodological investigation showed that the stability of the solution was good within 24 h.The average recovery rates of purpurin and rubimaillin were in the range of 102.12%-104.95%(with the RSD of 1.13%)and 93.78%-95.49%(with the RSD of 0.80%),respectively(n=6).The determination results of pharmacopoeia method showed that the content of purpurin decreased,while the content of rubiarin increased after processing,which was not completely consistent with the actual trends.The improved method significantly improved the extraction efficiency of purpurin,thus providing a more accurate reflection of the total purpurin content in Rubiae radix et rhizoma.Conclusion The established method is accurate,simple and effective,which provides reference for the reasonable formulation of inspection standards and quality control of madder.

关 键 词：茜草 含量测定 羟基茜草素 大叶茜草素 饮片加工 检验标准 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]