电控半程旋转导向钻井工具研制与现场试验  

Development and Field Test of Electronically Controlled Half-Way Rotary Steerable Drilling Tool

作　　者：徐涛[1] 施连海 效世杰 韩龙 石林 刘浩鸿 XU Tao;SHI Lianhai;XIAO Shijie;HAN Long;SHI Lin;LIU Haohong(Engineering Technology Research Institute,CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company,Panjin,Liaoning,124010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2024年第6期69-74,共6页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

基　　金：中国石油长城钻探工程有限公司“十四五”重点科研项目“钻完井新工具、新工艺攻关与试验”(编号:GWDC202101-06(01))资助。

摘　　要：半程旋转导向钻井技术,是将下部钻具与上部钻具的扭矩进行分离,上部钻柱低转速旋转送钻,下部钻具进行常规滑动定向钻进,可低成本、大幅度提高导向钻井的井眼轨迹控制能力和水平段延伸能力。基于此技术,研制了电控半程旋转导向钻井工具。该工具在常规滑动定向钻井钻柱的近钻头端安放电控半程旋转导向钻井工具,由地面信号下传装置发送钻井液负脉冲序列指令,工具接收指令后执行钻柱扭矩分离和结合动作。需要指出的是,扭矩分离后对反扭矩进行控制是该工具的关键技术,通常用钻柱与井壁的摩擦扭矩对抗反扭矩,但当扭矩激增时无法平衡反扭矩。电控半程旋转导向钻井工具通过增设抗反扭扶正器和吸扭储能总成,有效抵抗反扭矩、稳定工具面。电控半程旋转导向钻井工具已开展4井次现场试验。试验结果表明,该工具可大幅缓解托压,降摩减阻,提高钻压传递效率,具备反扭矩控制能力,扭矩分离后工具面保持平稳,机械钻速有所提高,具有推广应用价值。The half-way rotary steerable drilling technology separates the torque of the lower drilling tool from the upper drilling tool so that the upper drill string can be rotated and achieve bit feed at low speed,while the lower drilling tool performs conventional sliding directional drilling.In this way,the trajectory control ability of steerable drilling and the extension ability of horizontal sections can be greatly improved at a low cost.Based on this technology,an electronically controlled half-way rotary steerable drilling tool was developed.The tool was installed near the drill bit end of the drill string of conventional sliding directional drilling.The ground signal transmission device sent a negative pulse sequence command of the drilling fluid.After receiving the command,the tool performed the drill string torque separation and combination actions.It should be pointed out that the control of the anti-torque after torque separation is the key technology of the tool.Usually,the friction torque between the drill string and the well wall is used to counteract the anti-torque,but when the torque surges,the anti-torque cannot be balanced.The electronically controlled half-way rotary steerable drilling tool can effectively resist the anti-torque and stabilize the tool face by adding an anti-torque-resistant stabilizer and a torque absorption and energy storage assembly.The field tests results of four wells with the electronically controlled half-way rotary steerable drilling tool applied show that the tool can greatly alleviate the support pressure,reduce friction and drag,and improve the transmission efficiency of weight on bit(WOB).The tool has the ability to control the anti-torque.After the torque is separated,the tool face remains stable,and the rate of penetration(ROP)is improved.Therefore,the tool can be widely promoted and applied.

关 键 词：旋转导向钻井 钻井工具 电控扭矩离合 半程旋转 反扭矩控制 

分 类 号：TE921.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]