身体还是认知努力的损害?抑郁症努力奖赏动机评估及计算模型应用  

Motivation deficits in physical effort or cognitive effort expenditure?Evaluation of effort-based reward motivation and application of computational modeling in depression

作　　者：温秀娟 马毓璟 谭斯祺 李芸[2] 刘文华[1,2] WEN Xiujuan;MA Yujing;TAN Siqi;LI Yun;LIU Wenhua(The Affiliated Brain Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510370,China;School of Health Management,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511436,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属脑科医院,广州510370 [2]广州医科大学卫生管理学院,广州511436

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2025年第1期107-122,共16页Advances in Psychological Science

摘　　要：动机损害是抑郁症的常见特征,患者常表现出异常的奖励评估或体验等行为。理解抑郁症患者努力奖赏动机活动中不愿意付出努力的类型——是不愿意付出身体努力还是不愿意付出认知努力,对帮助患者恢复社会功能活动具有重要作用。然而,当前缺少研究探讨努力类型(身体或认知努力)对研究认识的影响,同时,计算模型方法具有能够精细评估动机相关变量的优势,这一方法在该领域中并未得到普及应用。通过实验方法区分评估抑郁症患者“认知努力”和“身体努力”这两种不同的努力决策,并结合计算模型的数据分析方式,从努力奖赏动机这一角度探索抑郁症动机损害行为,对揭示这一损害潜在的认知神经基础具有促进作用。Motivation deficits are a common symptom of depression,leading to abnormal reward assessment or experience in individuals with depression.Understanding the cognitive neural mechanisms of the willingness to expend cognitive or physical effort to obtain rewards is essential for helping patients recover their social functioning.However,research in this area is currently hindered due to a lack of appropriate methods for determining the roles of cognitive and physical effort expenditure in motivation deficits.By using experimental methods and cognitive computational models to distinguish and assess‘cognitive effort’and‘physical effort’decision-making in individuals with depression,we can further explore the essence of motivation deficits from the perspective of‘reward for effort’and better understand the impact of motivation deficits on the disease state.

关 键 词：抑郁症 快感缺失 动机损害 身体努力 认知努力 计算模型 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]