机载LiDAR技术在广州黄埔区地质灾害调查中的应用  

Application of airborne LiDAR technology in geological hazard investigation in Huangpu District,Guangzhou City

作　　者：李文龙 LI Wenlong(Guangzhou Urban Planning&Design Survey Research Insitute Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510060,China;Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Natural Resources Planning and Marine Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510060,China;Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory for Urban Sensing,Monitoring and Early Warning,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510060,China)

机构地区：[1]广州城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司,广东广州510060 [2]广州市资源规划和海洋科技协同创新中心,广东广州510060 [3]广东省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室,广东广州510060

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2024年第6期164-172,共9页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：广州市资源规划和海洋科技协同创新中心项目(2023B04J0301,2023B04J0326);广东省城市感知与监测预警企业重点实验室基金项目(2020B121202019);广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司科技基金项目(RDI2220204031,RDI2230204019)。

摘　　要：近年来,机载LiDAR技术快速发展,其能够“穿透”地面植被,获取地面真实高程,对于精准获取地质灾害隐患点具有重要意义。为查明广州黄埔区地质灾害发育特征,文章基于机载LiDAR技术获取了黄埔区总面积为526.5 km^(2)的三维点云和数字正射影像等数据,结合传统人工现场调查手段,查明项目范围内的典型地质灾害发育特征。解译结果表明:调查区内地质灾害呈面状和线状分布,主要集中在中北部山区丘陵地带,其他地区零星分布或无分布,崩塌及危岩体类地质灾害435处、滑坡及不稳定斜坡类地质灾害1027处,极端天气情况下可能诱发的低频泥石流灾害66处,以滑坡及不稳定斜坡类灾害为主;此外,区内地质灾害发育规律与地形地貌、地质条件、工程活动及降雨等因素具有较强的关联性,其中降雨诱发地质灾害较为显著,灾害多发生在月降雨量650~700 mm区间。研究表明,机载LiDAR技术能够实现研究区内地质灾害的识别,对指导识灾避灾减灾工作具有较好的指导作用和应用价值。In recent years,airborne LiDAR technology has developed rapidly,allowing for the penetration of ground vegetation and the accurate acquisition of ground elevation,which is of great significance for precisely identifying geological hazard points.In order to understand the development characteristics of geological disasters in Huangpu District,Guangzhou,this study utilized airborne LiDAR technology to obtain three-dimensional point cloud and digital orthophoto images covering a total area of 526.5 km^(2) within district.Combined with traditional manual field investigation methods,the study identified the typical geological disaster development characteristics within the project scope.The interpretation results indicate that geological disasters within the investigation area are distributed in both surface and linear patterns,mainly concentrated in the hilly areas of the central and northern parts,with scattered or no distribution in other areas.There are 435 instances of geological disasters such as collapses and dangerous rock masses,1027 instances of geological disasters such as landslides and unstable slopes,and 66 instances of low-frequency debris flow disasters that may be induced under extreme weather conditions,with landslides and unstable slope disasters being predominant.Additionally,the development pattern of geological disasters in the area exhibits a strong correlation with topography,geological conditions,engineering activities,and rainfall.Rainfall is notably significant in inducing geological hazards,with disasters occurring mainly within the range of monthly rainfall between 650 and 700 mm.The study demonstrates that airborne LiDAR technology can achieve the identification of geological disasters within the study area,providing valuable guidance and application value for guiding disaster identification,prevention,mitigation,and management.

关 键 词：工程地质 地质灾害 机载LiDAR技术 防灾减灾 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]