消防员灭火防护装备研究进展  

Research progress on firefighting protective equipment for firefighters

作　　者：刘烨 王俊胜 金星 王宏阳 鹿超 陈晓铮 夏建军 Liu Ye;Wang Junsheng;Jin Xing;Wang Hongyang;Lu Chao;Chen Xiaozheng;Xia Jianjun(Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology,Tianjin 300381,China;Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building,Ministry of Emergency Management,Tianjin 300381,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部天津消防研究所,天津300381 [2]天津市消防安全技术重点实验室,天津300381 [3]工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室,天津300381

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第12期1636-1646,共11页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3006102,2022YFC3006100);中央级事业单位基本科研业务经费项目(2024SJ25,2024SJ26);应急管理部天津消防研究所所级自有资金项目(2023SJZYZJ03)。

摘　　要：在当前自然灾害增多和城市化进程加速的背景下,火灾事故愈发频繁,合理使用灭火防护装备,对于保护一线消防员的人身安全和提高救援效率至关重要。本文综述了过去10余年消防员灭火防护服、消防头盔、灭火防护头套、呼吸防护装备、消防手套和灭火防护靴等灭火防护装备的研究动态,重点介绍了灭火防护服各层面料中新材料的应用以及结构设计上的创新研究。总结分析了现有消防员灭火防护装备厚重、透气性不佳、舒适性差等问题,以及极端环境下防护装备缺乏、装备在智能化、集成化和兼容性等方面存在的不足。最后,从新材料和新技术应用、装备人机工效学、实景模拟评价方法、标准化和退役后循环利用等方面,提出了未来消防员灭火防护装备的全生命周期研究展望。Against the backdrop of increasing natural disasters and accelerated urbanization,fire accidents are becoming more frequent.Reasonable use of firefighting and protective equipment is crucial for protecting the personal safety of frontline firefighters and improving rescue efficiency.This article reviews the research trends of firefighting protective clothing,firefighting helmets,fire fighting headgear,respiratory protective equipment,firefighting gloves,and firefighting boots for firefighters over the past 10 years.It focuses on the application of new materials in the various layers of firefighting protective clothing and innovative research in structural design.Summarized and analyzed the existing problems of heavy firefighting protective equipment,poor breathability,and poor comfort for firefighters,as well as the lack of protective equipment in extreme environments and the shortcomings of equipment in intelligence,integration,and compatibility.Finally,prospects for the full lifecycle research of firefighting and protec tive equipment for firefighters were proposed from the aspects of new materials and technologies application,equipment ergonom ics,real-life simulation evaluation methods,standardization,and post retirement recycling.

关 键 词：灭火防护装备 隔热性能 功能材料 防火材料 舒适性 智能化 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TS94[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]