消防服外层疏水涂层织物的制备及耐酸碱性能研究  

Preparation and acid and alkali resistance of hydrophobic coated fabrics for the outer layer of firefighting clothing

作　　者：肖阳阳 石佩玉 孙冰冰 王妮[1,2,3] Xiao Yangyang;Shi Peiyu;Sun Bingbing;Wang Ni(Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Technology Innovation Center of Hebei for Fiber Material,Hebei Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]产业用纺织品教育部工程研究中心,东华大学,上海201620 [2]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620 [3]纤维材料技术创新中心,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2024年第12期1719-1725,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3006102);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2232024G-06-01);东华大学国家大学生创新训练建设项目(202310255044)。

摘　　要：为了应对应急救援任务时所面对的复杂环境,满足极端场景下特种防护服装疏水、耐酸碱性能日益增长的需求,开发此类功能的织物势在必行。本研究将化学稳定性强的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)与改性三聚磷酸铝(ATP)均匀混合制备分散良好的PTFE‒ATP耐酸碱剂,通过两步浸渍涂层法将PTFE‒ATP和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)依次负载到消防服外层织物表面,表征其表面形貌、润湿性能、表面固、液黏附作用、耐酸、耐碱性能、热稳定性能、透气性能、透湿性能等。结果表明:织物表面形成了致密、粗糙的PDMS/PTFE‒ATP涂层,且表现出了优异的疏水性能(接触角为(151.92±1.34)°)、极低的固、液界面附着力和耐酸、耐碱性能(pH为1~14,接触角约为150°),在接触96%浓硫酸(H_(2)SO_(4))或30%氢氧化钠(NaOH)1 h后未见严重的侵蚀、渗透现象。PDMS/PTFE‒ATP涂层的负载对织物的热稳定性能、透湿性能的影响甚微且改性后织物的透气性能仍能保持甚至优于国内常用的消防服外层织物。可为提高消防服外层织物酸碱侵蚀威胁提供一种较环保、创新且实用的解决方案。In order to cope with the complex environment faced during emergency rescue missions and meet the increasing demand for hydrophobic and acid alkali resistant properties of special protective clothing in extreme scenarios,it is imperative to develop fabrics with such functions.This study uniformly mixed chemically stable polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)with modified aluminum tripolyphosphate(ATP)to prepare a well dispersed PTFE ATP acid and alkali resistant agent.Through a two‒step impregnation coating method,PTFE ATP and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)were sequentially loaded onto the surface of the outer fabric of firefighting suits,and their surface morphology,wetting properties,surface solid liquid adhesion,acid and alkali resistance,thermal stability,breathability,and moisture permeability were characterized.The results showed that a dense and rough PDMS/PTFE‒ATP coating was formed on the surface of the fabric,exhibiting excellent hydrophobicity(contact angle of(151.92±1.34)°),extremely low adhesion between solid and liquid interfaces,and acid and alkali resistance(pH 1~14,contact angle of about 150°).No serious erosion or penetration was observed after 1 hour of contact with 96%concentrated sulfuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))or 30%sodium hydroxide(NaOH).The loading of PDMS/PTFE‒ATP coating has little effect on the thermal stability and moisture permeability of the fabric,and the modified fabric still maintains or even outperforms the commonly used outer layer fabric of firefighting suits in China in terms of breathability.This provides an environmentally friendly,innovative,and practical solution to address the threat of acid and alkali erosion on the outer fabric of firefighting suits.

关 键 词：两步涂层法 PDMS/PTFE‒ATP 消防服外层织物 疏水性能 固、液界面附着力 耐酸碱性能 

分 类 号：TS195.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]