面向港口堆场MANET的便携高精度信道测量与建模  

Portable and High Precision Channel Measurement and Modeling for MANET in Port Yards

作　　者：梁家耀 张广驰[1] 水宜水 崔苗[1] 李芳 熊富 Liang Jia-yao;Zhang Guang-chi;Shui Yi-shui;Cui Miao;Li Fang;Xiong Fu(School of Information Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;The 7th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Guangzhou 510000,China;School of Navigation,Guangzhou Maritime University,Guangzhou 510725,China;Department Guangzhou Port Logistics Corporation,Guangzhou 510700,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学信息工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]中国电子科技集团有限公司第七研究所,广东广州510000 [3]广州航海学院海运学院,广东广州510725 [4]广州港物流有限公司工程技术部,广东广州510700

出　　处：《广东工业大学学报》2024年第6期115-124,共10页Journal of Guangdong University of Technology

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2023A0505050127,2022A0505050023,2022A0505020008);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2023A1515011980);广东省海洋经济发展项目(粤自然资合[2023]24号)。

摘　　要：移动自组织网络(Mobile Ad-hoc Network, MANET)依赖小型通信节点间的信道信息,然而传统的大型信道测量设备难以搭建于MANET小型节点上,同时港口堆场节点间的无线信道呈现较强的时空变化特性,因此在该场景下进行信道测量与建模存在设备便携性与信道模型精确性的双重挑战。针对面向MANET的测量设备小型化问题,本文研究基于通用软件无线电外设(Universal Software Radio Peripheral,USRP)的便携高精度信道测量方法,测量分析港口堆场内金属结构体对大尺度、小尺度参数的影响;针对场景复杂度高导致射线追踪信道模型精确性不足的问题,创新地提出基于信道测量数据的最优参数搜索方法,通过识别影响射线追踪精度的关键仿真参数并搜索最优值,对信道模型进行迭代校准。结果表明本文提出的建模方法在堆场MANET场景下,由金属结构体引起的多径效应导致平均功率时延谱在多个区间内出现明显聚集现象,适合采用双斜率模型对路径损耗进行拟合。本文提出的最优参数搜索方法显著提高路径损耗和均方根时延扩展仿真值与测量值的吻合度,提升了信道模型的准确性和普适性。The mobile ad-hoc network(MANET)under port yards relies heavily on the channel information between small communication nodes.However,it remains a challenging problem to deploy traditional large channel measurement equipment on small nodes.In addition,the wireless channel between nodes exhibits strong spatial and temporal variation characteristics.Consequently,conducting channel measurement and modeling in this scenario presents dual challenges of the equipment portability and channel modeling accuracy.To address the portability of measurement equipment,this paper investigates the highly portable and high-precision channel measurement method based on the universal software radio peripheral(USRP)and analyzes the influence of metal structures on the large-scale and small-scale parameters.To address the problem of low accuracy of the ray-tracing channel model due to the high complexity of the scenario,we propose an optimal parameter search method based on the channel measurement data by identifying the key simulation parameters of the ray-tracing channel model.By searching for the optimal values of the key simulation parameters,the channel model is iteratively calibrated.The experimental results show that our proposed model is suitable for fitting the path loss with a double-slope model in the MANET scenario,where the multipath effect caused by the metal structure results in a multi-peak distribution of the average power delay profile.The results also show that the proposed optimal parameter search method significantly improves the agreement between the simulation values of path loss and RMS delay spread with the measured values,such that the accuracy and universality of the channel model can be improved.

关 键 词：信道测量 信道建模 多径信道 通用软件无线电外设 射线追踪 移动自组织网络 

分 类 号：TN928[电子电信—通信与信息系统]