基于共享轨迹数据的中国首批国家公园步行户外游憩活动时空格局分析  

Spatial-temporal Pattern Analysis of Outdoor Walking Recreation Activities in China's First Batch of National Parks Based on Open Trajectory Data

作　　者：王沛 赵智聪[1,2] 薛劭翀 WANG Pei;ZHAO Zhicong;XUE Shaochong

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院景观学系,北京100084 [2]国家林业和草原局清华大学国家公园研究院 [3]美国杜克大学尼古拉斯环境学院,杜勒姆NC 27705

出　　处：《中国园林》2024年第12期29-35,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978365,52378060)。

摘　　要：建设国家公园是实现人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化的重要抓手。在坚持“生态保护第一”和“最严格保护”原则的基础上为公众提供自然教育和户外游憩机会是国家公园的重要功能之一。中国已经建立了首批国家公园,分析国家公园内访客的户外游憩时空格局是国家公园科学规划和管理户外游憩的基础。基于共享轨迹数据,对我国首批国家公园在2019年全年的步行户外游憩活动时空格局进行了分析。结果表明:1)5个国家公园整体的步行户外游憩活动在日分布上呈现节假日和双休日显著多于工作日的特征;2)5个国家公园的步行户外游憩活动和步行户外游憩拍照活动在空间分布上均呈现聚集模式,而各国家公园内的空间密度有数量级上的差异;3)国家公园内步行户外游憩活动的空间分布受到地形条件和交通可达性的影响。研究结果为首批国家公园的步行户外游憩管理提供了数据支撑,并提出了相关建议。The construction of national parks is an important measure for the Chinese modernization to realize the harmonious coexistence of human and nature.Providing nature education and outdoor recreation opportunities for the public,with ecological protection as the top priority and under the strictest protection standards,is a key function of national parks.The first batch of national parks has been established in China.Analyzing the spatial and temporal pattern of visitors'outdoor recreation in national parks is the basis of scientific planning and management of outdoor recreation in national parks.Based on open trajectory data,this study analyzes the spatiotemporal pattern of outdoor walking recreation activities in China's first batch of national parks in 2019.The results show that:1)the daily distribution of outdoor walking recreation activities in the five national parks is significantly higher on holidays and weekends than on working days;2)the spatial distribution of outdoor walking recreation activities and outdoor walking recreation photography activities in the five national parks show clustering patterns in spatial distribution,and the spatial density in different nation parks is orders of magnitude different;3)the spatial distribution of outdoor walking recreation activities in national parks is influenced by terrain conditions and transportation accessibility.The results of the study provide data support for the management of outdoor walking recreation in the first batch of national parks in China,and relevant suggestions are put forward.

关 键 词：风景园林 国家公园 户外游憩 共享轨迹数据 空间格局 热点分析 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]