基于非生物指标的鱼道效果评价模型  

Fishway Effectiveness Evaluation Model Based on Abiotic Indices

作　　者：郭辉[1,2] 娄起浩 陈端[1] 杨文俊[1] 付国栋 金光球[3] GUO Hui;LOU Qi-hao;CHEN Duan;YANG Wen-jun;FU Guo-dong;JIN Guang-qiu(Hydraulics Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basin Water Resource and Eco-environmental Sciences,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Department of Technological Innovation,Guizhou Water&Power SurveyDesign Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水力学研究所,武汉430010 [2]长江科学院流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098 [4]贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院科技创新部,贵阳550002

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2024年第12期82-90,100,共10页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3203904);国家自然科学基金项目(U2340218,52130903);水利重大关键技术项目(SKR-2022010);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2023401/SL);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般467)。

摘　　要：目前鱼道效果评价多采用网捕、PIT跟踪等手段直接评价过鱼数量和效率,存在工作量大、周期长、诊断识别非生物工程问题困难等不足。基于我国鱼道效果已有监测数据,构建鱼道效果评价指标体系,涵盖水力条件适宜度、环境因子适应性、内部结构符合度等非生物指标和过鱼有效性等生物指标。典型相关分析表明,进口流速指数、孔缝宽度指数和池室消能指数等水力与结构指标对鱼道效果影响较大,指标权重分别为0.23、0.16和0.15;耦合模糊评价理论,构建了基于非生物指标的鱼道效果评价模型。案例分析表明,模型评价结果与直接监测结论相符,模型可靠性较好,可为我国鱼道运行管理提供技术支撑。At present,the evaluation of fishway effectiveness primarily relies on methods such as net fishing and PIT(Passive Integrated Transponder)tracking to directly assess the quantity and efficiency of fish passage.However,these approaches have limitations,including long cycle,heavy workloads,and the inability to diagnose or identify abiotic engineering issues.Based on existing monitoring data of fishway effectiveness in China,we constructed an evaluation index system that encompasses abiotic indicators such as hydraulic condition suitability,environmental factor adaptability,and internal structure conformity,as well as biological indicators like fish passage effectiveness.Canonical correlation analysis reveals that hydraulic and structural indices,including the inlet velocity index,slot width index,and energy dissipation index,significantly influence fishway effectiveness,with respective weights of 0.23,0.16,and 0.15.By integrating fuzzy evaluation theory,we developed a fishway effectiveness evaluation model based on abiotic indices.Case analysis demonstrates that the model’s results align with direct monitoring conclusions,indicating that the model can provide more reliable scientific and technological support for fishway operations in China.

关 键 词：鱼道效果 非生物指标 间接评价模型 典型相关分析 指标适宜度 

分 类 号：TV135[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]