海南热带天然林木本植物多样性对地上生物量的影响及其尺度效应  

Effects of woody plant diversity on aboveground biomass and its scale dependence in tropical natural forest in Hainan Island of southern China

作　　者：姚杰 丁易[1,2,3] 周超凡 田立新 臧润国 Yao Jie;Ding Yi;Zhou Chaofan;Tian Lixin;Zang Runguo(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Bawangling National Observation and Research Station of Chinese Forest Ecosystem,Changjiang 272722,Hainan,China;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Key Laboratory of Forest Management and Growth Modelling,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Jiangxi Forestry Resources Monitoring Center,Nanchang 330000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]海南霸王岭森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,海南昌江272722 [3]南京林业大学南方林业创新中心,江苏南京210037 [4]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,国家林业和草原局森林经营与生长模拟实验室,北京100091 [5]江西省林业资源监测中心,江西南昌330000

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2024年第12期1-10,共10页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32101288);国家重点研发计划(2023YFE0112801)。

摘　　要：【目的】阐明海南热带天然林木本植物α-多样性和β-多样性对地上生物量的影响及其相对重要性,以及相应的尺度效应,旨在丰富生物多样性与生态系统功能关系研究的理论框架。【方法】基于海南热带天然林内建立的30个1 hm^(2)动态监测样地,利用植被调查、树木空间分布和环境因子等数据,采用空间多尺度设计和多元线性回归模型,探讨热带天然林中木本植物多样性、环境异质性与地上生物量之间的关系及其随不同空间尺度的变化规律。【结果】(1)30个1 hm^(2)样地中,α-多样性和β-多样性均值分别为(10.85±3.63)和(0.30±0.16)。α-多样性在不同空间尺度上未表现出显著变化;β-多样性表现出随空间尺度增大而增加的趋势。(2)α-多样性和β-多样性对地上生物量的影响均为显著的正效应且多样性的影响强度随空间尺度表现出较为一致的变化趋势。(3)木本植物多样性对地上生物量的影响随空间尺度的增加表现为先增加(较小尺度400~3600 m^(2)),然后趋于平缓(中尺度3600~6400 m^(2)),最后下降(较大尺度6400~10000 m^(2))。(4)α-多样性对地上生物量的正效应显著强于β-多样性。(5)环境因子对地上生物量的影响均为正效应,且影响强度随空间尺度的增加而增强。【结论】本研究证实了生物多样性与生态系统功能(BEF)关系存在明显的尺度依赖性,表明影响BEF关系的主要机制可能会因不同空间尺度而发生变化。单一空间尺度或局域小尺度的研究不足以充分、全面地理解BEF关系的影响机制。尽管在解释地上生物量变异方面,β-多样性的作用低于α-多样性,但本研究通过实证分析,揭示了β-多样性在促进生态系统功能中的重要作用。这为进一步探索跨空间尺度的BEF关系提供了新的思路和分析视角。未来的研究应充分考虑β-多样性与多种生态系统功能(生态系统多功能性)之间的关系,以�[Objective]This study aimed to elucidate the effects of woody plant diversity(in terms ofα-diversity andβ-diversity)on aboveground biomass in tropical natural forests of Hainan Island of southern China,and to investigate the corresponding scale dependence,in order to enrich the theoretical framework of biodiversity and ecosystem function relationships.[Method]Based on 301-ha forest dynamic sample plots established in the tropical natural forests of Hainan Island,this study utilized data from vegetation surveys,tree spatial distribution,and environmental factor measurements.By employing a spatial multi-scale design and multiple linear regression models,we explored the relationship between woody plant diversity,environmental heterogeneity,and aboveground biomass in tropical natural forests,as well as their variation across different spatial scales.[Result](1)The mean values ofα-diversity andβ-diversity in the 301-ha sample plots were(10.85±3.63)and(0.30±0.16),respectively.α-diversity did not show significant variation across different spatial scales.Whileβ-diversity exhibited an increasing trend with spatial scales.(2)The effects ofα-diversity andβ-diversity on aboveground biomass were all significantly positive,and the strength of diversity effects showed a consistent trend with spatial scale.(3)The impact of woody plant diversity on aboveground biomass increased with spatial scale initially(from smaller scales of 400 to 3600 m^(2)),then it tended to flatten out(at intermediate scales of 3600 to 6400 m^(2)),and finally decreased(at larger scales of 6400 to 10000 m^(2)).(4)The positive effects ofα-diversity on aboveground biomass were significantly stronger than that ofβ-diversity.(5)Environmental factors had positive effects on aboveground biomass,and the strength of these effects increased with the spatial scale.[Conclusion]This study confirms a significant scale dependency in the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function,indicating that the main mechanism influencing the biodiversity a

关 键 词：生物多样性与生态系统功能 β-多样性 尺度依赖性 木本植物多样性 生物量 热带天然林 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]