锌冶炼废酸的络合萃取除氟及资源化研究  

Complexation Extraction for Defluorination and Resource of Fluorine inZinc Smelting Waste Acid

作　　者：张璇 李勇 何金桂 ZHANG Xuan;LI Yong;HE Jingui(College of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China 2.College of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang Ligong University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]沈阳理工大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2024年第6期697-703,716,共8页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074082)。

摘　　要：研究了以P204为萃取剂,采用络合萃取法从锌冶炼废酸中高效去除氟化物,考察了水相中氟、铝浓度、pH、萃取温度及时间对氟萃取率和铝脱除率的影响,并探讨了氟铝的资源化处理方法。结果表明:在P204浓度1 mol/L、水相中Al 3+浓度0.1 mol/L、F^(-)浓度≤0.025 mol/L、pH=3.0~3.5、常温条件下萃取8 min,氟萃取率可达96.18%;用1.0 mol/L硫酸溶液对负载氟铝有机相进行反萃取,F-和Al 3+反萃取率分别为81.88%和39.39%;反萃液通过沉淀能得到冰晶石,pH=4条件下更有利于冰晶石的合成。The efficient removal of fluoride from zinc smelting waste acid by complex extraction using P204 as the extractant was investigated.The effects of concentration of fluorine and aluminum in aqueous phase,pH,extraction temperature and time on the extraction rate of fluorine and aluminum were examined,The resource utilization of aluminum fluoride was also discussed.The results show that under P204 concentration of 1 mol/L,Al 3+concentration in aqueous phase of 0.1 mol/L,F^(-) concentration of less than 0.025 mol/L,pH=3.0~3.5,extaction time of 8 min and room temperature,the extraction rate of fluorine can reach 96.18%.Using 1.0 mol/L sulfuric acid solution to strip of the fluorine-aluminum-loaded organic phase,the stripping rates for F-and Al 3+are 81.88%and 39.39%,respectively.Cryolite can be obtained by precipitation of stripping solution,and the synthesis of cryolite is more favorable under the condition of pH=4.

关 键 词：锌冶炼废酸 络合萃取 P204 氟 铝 脱除 资源化 

分 类 号：TF804.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TQ424[化学工程]