基质对苹果属植物观赏品种红满堂绿枝扦插生根的影响  

Effect of substrate on rooting of green branch cuttings in the ornamental variety‘Hongmantang’of Malus plant

作　　者：杜学梅[1] 高敬东 王骞 蔡华成 李春燕 王淑婷 杨廷桢 DU Xuemei;GAO Jingdong;WANG Qian;CAI Huacheng;LI Chunyan;WANG Shuting;YANG Tingzhen(Research Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Agricultural University,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology,Taiyuan 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学果树研究所,果树种质创制和利用山西省重点实验室,太原030031

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第12期20-26,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：山西省重大专项计划课题(202201140601027-1);山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC034)。

摘　　要：以苹果属植物观赏品种红满堂绿枝为材料,扦插于不同配比基质中,扦插苗田间移栽时,调查插穗的生根率、不定根数量、不定根平均长、最长根长、叶片留存率、根系分布情况等生根指标,研究基质对红满堂绿枝扦插生根的影响,筛选适合其绿枝扦插的基质类型及配比。结果表明:不同处理插穗生根率为6.0%~66.0%,单株一级不定根数量3.9~14.0条,不定根平均长1.44~3.25 cm,最长根长2.55~4.62cm,根总长6.78~29.35 cm,偏根率0~62.9%,一级根单根着生二级根平均1.0~4.9条、最多6.3~17.4条,三级根率0~66.7%;老叶留存率66.7%~100.0%,新叶留存率0~100.0%;扦插生根效果综合评价Q值5.80~38.02。红满堂绿枝扦插繁殖较适宜的基质配比为草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩按1∶2∶2混配,插穗根系发达,固定基质能力强,生根率高,功能叶完好,田间移栽成活率高。The green branch of ornamental variety‘Hongmantang’of Malus plant was took as material,and was cut in the substrate with different ratio,when the cutting seedlings were transplanted in the field,the rooting rate of cuttings,the number of adventitious roots,the average length of adventitious roots and the longest root length of adventitious roots,the retention rate of cuttings leaves and the distribution of roots under different treatment levels were investigated for exploring the effect of different substrates on the rooting of green branch cuttings and screening its suitable substrate type and ratio.The results showed that the rooting rate of cuttings in different treatments was 6.0%~66.0%,the number of adventitious roots per plant was 3.9~14.0,the average length of adventitious roots was 1.44~3.25 cm,the longest root length was 2.55~4.62 cm,the total root length was 6.78~29.35 cm,the partial root rate was 0~62.9%,the average number was 1.0~4.9 and the maximum number was 6.3~17.4 for secondary root from primary root,and the percentage with tertiary roots was 0~66.7%.The retention rate of old leaves was 66.7%~100.0%,and the retention rate of new leaves was 0~100.0%.The Q value of comprehensive evaluation of cutting rooting effect was 5.80~38.02.The suitable substrate ratio for cutting propagation of green branch in‘Hongmantang’is peat,vermiculite and perlite mixed at 1:2:2.The cuttings have developed roots,strong ability to fix the substrate,high rooting rate,intact functional leaves,and high survival rate of field transplanting.

关 键 词：苹果属植物 观赏品种 红满堂 绿枝扦插 基质 生根率 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]