我国深远海养殖发展的科学和经济逻辑  

Scientific and economic logic of deep-offshore mariculture development

作　　者：董双林[1] 苏跃朋 DONG Shuanglin;SU Yuepeng(Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Municipal Marine Development Bureau,Zhuhai 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]珠海市海洋发展局,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2024年第6期10-16,共7页Chinese Fisheries Economics

基　　金：山东省泰山产业领军人才工程项目(LJNY201801);国家社科重大项目“加快建设海洋强国背景下我国‘深蓝渔业’发展战略研究”(21&ZD100)资助。

摘　　要：过去几十年,我国水产养殖产量持续攀升,生产每吨产品的氮磷排放量和能耗也在持续增加。水产养殖发展正面临“三难困境”,即不可能同时实现减排、节能和增产这三重任务。本文认为,发展深远海养殖有望成为破解“三难困境”的重要途径。我国深远海养殖应首先打牢养殖模式根基,优先解决三对基本矛盾,即企业盈利性与产品市场性价比、高碳足迹产品与绿色产品期望、自动化生产与近岸转产转业渔民再就业。在战术层面,可选择市场差异化养殖模式来提高深远海养殖的经济性;在战略层面,应创建规模化多产业融合模式,降低养殖成本,加快建设蓝色粮仓。In recent decades,the intensification levels of aquaculture systems in China have witnessed a rapid escalation,and the ongoing intensification of aquaculture systems will also lead to an increase in N and P discharge and energy consumption per unit weight gain.In the context of the national implementation of the"double carbon"strategy and society's pursuit of an improved quality of life,the development of aquaculture is facing the"trilemma",that is,it is impossible to achieve the triple goals of N,P discharge reduction,energy saving and production increase at the same time.The deeper-offshore area possesses robust natural purification capabilities and abundant non-fossil energy resources.With appropriate models and layouts,deeper-offshore aquaculture is expected to emerge as a pivotal solution to address the"trilemma".In recent years,China's deeper-offshore aquaculture developed rapidly,and there are some problems that are being solved.However,from a more macro and long-term perspective,there are three contradictions that should be paid attention to and solved,namely,enterprise profitability versus product affordability,clean energy-based products versus carbon-intensive products,and automated operation versus reemployment of coastal fishermen.At the tactical level,market differentiation mode can be implemented to improve its profitability.At the strategic level,the large-scale integration of multi-industries should be innovated to solve aforementioned contradictions.

关 键 词：深远海养殖 碳足迹 产品性价比 蓝色粮仓 海上牧场 养殖模式 

分 类 号：F326.401[经济管理—产业经济]