滤材沉积耦合电场吸附捕收载金粉炭的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Adsorption of Gold-Loaded Carbon Powder by Filter Deposition Coupled with Electric Field Force

作　　者：张嘉乐 王嘉伟 曹钊 李强 李冠华 白杨 李沛 ZHANG Jiale;WANG Jiawei;CAO Zhao;LI Qiang;LI Guanhua;BAI Yang;LI Pei(School of Mining and Coal Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Pacific Mining Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古太平矿业有限公司,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第12期53-62,71,共11页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：内蒙古自治区重点研发和科技成果转化项目(2022YFHH0050)。

摘　　要：氰化堆浸提金工艺中,活性炭作为吸附剂富集金。由于吸附时提串炭的摩擦和解吸后水冷的热应力,活性炭逐渐粉化,-45μm的部分粉炭不能被筛分回收,随着贫液被泵送上浸堆,造成金流失的同时还在堆上截金。为此,提出一种滤材沉积耦合电场吸附捕收粉炭的新技术,即将滤材和电极组成一定的构型,投入贫液中,使粉炭在滤材上沉积,并耦合电场增强粉炭的沉积能力。用滤膜抽滤发现贫液固体含量2.3g/m^(3),经灰化分析53%为炭,其余为矿泥,两者难以分离,统称为粉炭。粉炭粒度细,D_(80)仅为13.5μm,在强碱性的贫液中粉炭带负电,电动电位ζ约为-22.52~-17.88mV。经过计算,发现粉炭难沉降、难团聚,不能用常规固液分离手段回收。通过滤材沉积耦合电场吸附捕收粉炭研究,即将沉积单元接入直流电源,调节输出电压控制场强,使负电的粉炭在阳极处更易沉积。结果表明,只有场强超过一定阈值,沉积率才有所增加,且随着场强增加而增大,这说明电场力能提供牵引力,使粉炭克服黏滞力进而更容易沉积。通过试验发现,耦合板网状电极沉积16h,场强为5500V/m时效果最好,沉积率为55%,沉积量为108.95g/m^(2),通过观测和电化学计算,判定即使在最大的电流密度0.02A/dm^(2)下,自由氰根也不会被破坏,即不会增加氰化钠消耗。In the cyanide heap leaching process,activated carbon is used as an adsorbent to concentrate gold.During adsorption,the friction from carbon movement and the thermal stress from water cooling after desorption gradually cause the activated carbon to break down into finer particles.The portion of carbon particles smaller than 45μm cannot be recovered by screening.As these fine carbon particles are pumped onto the leach heap along with the barren solution,they cause gold losses and also capture gold on the heap.To address this issue,a new technology for capturing fine carbon particles using filter material deposition coupled with an electric field adsorption has been proposed.This involves configuring filter material and electrodes in a specific arrangement and immersing them in the barren solution,causing fine carbon particles to deposit on the filter material while the electric field enhances the deposition capability.Filtration tests showed that the solid content of the barren solution was 2.3 g/m^(3).Ash analysis revealed that 53%of this content was carbon,with the remainder being mineral sludge,both of which are difficult to separate and collectively referred to as fine carbon particles.The fine carbon particles are very small,with a D_(80) of only 13.5μm,and are negatively charged in the highly alkaline barren solution,with a zeta potential(ζ)ranging from-22.52 to-17.88 mV.Calculations indicated that these fine carbon particles are difficult to settle and aggregate,making them unrecoverable using conventional solid-liquid separation methods.Research into capturing fine carbon particles via filter material deposition coupled with an electric field involved connecting the deposition unit to a DC power supply and adjusting the output voltage to control the field strength,making it easier for the negatively charged fine carbon particles to deposit at the anode.Results showed that deposition rates only increased when the field strength exceeded a certain threshold and continued to rise with increasing field stre

关 键 词：粉炭 滤材沉积 电场吸附 堆浸工艺 

分 类 号：TD925[矿业工程—选矿]