大陆横向转换构造及其地质作用  

Continental transverse transform structure and its geological significance

作　　者：刘池洋[1] 黄雷[1] 赵红格[1] 王建强[1] 杨丽华 席晓东 彭恒 LIU Chiyang;HUANG Lei;ZHAO Hongge;WANG Jianqiang;YANG Lihua;XI Xiaodong;PENG Heng(State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Institute of Oil and Gas Basin,Northwest University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710069,China;State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Resources and Environment,Institute of Tibetan Plateau,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室,西北大学含油气盆地研究所,陕西西安710069 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第12期3455-3477,共23页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号42230815,42241202,42272148,41972153,42072170,41330315);西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室科技部专项经费(编号201210142)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：大陆横向转换构造(带)存在普遍,发育在大陆演化的不同阶段和各种不同的地球动力环境中。通常为一形态不规则、结构复杂的构造带;可定义为:在走向上与区域优势构造线近于垂直或大角度斜交的构造;其相邻两侧地质特征和构造变形差异明显。根据其形成环境、结构构造特征和地质作用等的不同,将横向转换构造(带)分为4类:变换(断裂)带、调节(构造)带、继接-传递带及岩浆-热力构造。不同类型和不同级别横向转换构造的地质特征和地质作用明显有别。但其间仍有较多的共性特征:如存在普遍、貌不惊人;特征多样、复杂多变;破裂具走滑剪切(扭动、旋转)构造特性;同类同级构造近等间距展布等。这些个性和共性特征可作为判识和确定横向转换构造的线索与依据。横向转换构造(带)值得关注的地质作用是:重要的转换、调节、传递作用,显著的分区(段)效应,特别的建造、改造场所和地震易发地段。其成矿作用主要表现为:本身常为重要的成矿带、造成矿产赋存条件和成藏(矿)作用的分区(段)。横向转换构造这些显著的地质作用、特别的构造特征及其规模(级别),常与其发育的时限或相对时序有密切的关联。本文主要据发育时限(序)的不同,在前期既成先存、同期转换调节、后期新生改造和加强三方面探讨了横向构造的成因机制。Continental transverse transform structures(zones)are prevalent features found at various stages of continental evolution and across diverse geodynamic settings.These structures typically manifest as irregularly shaped belts with complex structures,oriented perpendicular or at a high angle oblique to the dominant regional structural trend.There are significant differences in geological characteristics and structural deformation between their two sides.Continental transverse transform structures can be divided into four categories based on their origin,structural characteristics,and associated geological processes:transfer(fault)zones,accommodation(structural)zones,step-over/relay zones,and magmatic-thermal structures.The geological setting and significance of different types and scales of continental transverse transform structures are obviously different.However,there are still many common characteristics among them,such as universality and inconspicuous appearance;features are diverse,complex,and changeable;rupture has shear strike-slip(wrench,rotation)structural characteristics;construction of the same type and class with nearly equidistant distribution.These singuler and common features can be used as clues and a basis for identifying and determining transverse transfer structures.The geological processes associated with the continental transverse transform structures are worthy of attention.They play an important role in transformation,regulation and transforming stress within the continental lithosphere.These structures create distinct zones of deformation and mineralization,contribute to the construction and reformation of geological features,and are often associated with earthquake-prone areas.In terms of mineralization,continental transverse transform structures often manifest as important mineralization belts,causing the zoning of mineral occurrence conditions and reservoir(ore)formation.These significant geological processes,distinctive structural features,and the scale of the transverse transform stru

关 键 词：大陆横向转换构造(带) 变换(断裂)带 调节(构造)带 继接-传递带 岩浆-热力构造 分区作用 地质-成矿作用 成因机制 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]