噪声数据加权平均链路噪声校正方法在光纤温度时延波动中的效果  

The effect of link noise correction method based on weighted average of noise in the fiber optic temperature delay ripple

作　　者：李骁逸 李启增 张耀宗 崔星 LI Xiaoyi;LI Qizeng;ZHANG Yaozong;CUI Xing(China North Vehicle Research Institute,Beijing 100071,China;Tianjin Institute of Advanced Technology,Tianjin 300459,China)

机构地区：[1]北方车辆研究所,北京100071 [2]天津先进技术研究院,天津300459

出　　处：《光学仪器》2024年第6期82-87,共6页Optical Instruments

摘　　要：光纤时频传递链路的信号传输时延随温度的变化而往复波动,其波动幅度随光纤链路长度和温度变化范围的增加而扩大。对于时频传递链路中具有往复波动特性的噪声,异地原子钟跨站钟差的总和噪声加权平均方法,在卫星系统中表现出良好的校正效果。超长距离光纤时频传递链路温度时延波动的幅度远远超过卫星系统的天地通讯链路。该方法对光纤温度时延波动水平下的往复波动噪声所能达到的校正效果尚不确定。基于氢原子钟的仿真计算结果表明,该方法对于光纤的温度时延波动具有良好的校正效果。在仿真生成的1000 km温度时延波动条件下,当光纤两端的守时站各自拥有12台氢原子钟时,校正残差在1ns以内。校正后的跨站钟差频率稳定度与原子钟自身频率稳定度之差,比原子钟自身频率稳定度低两个数量级。当光纤两端的守时站采用铯原子钟时,需要各具有400台左右铯原子钟,方可使校正残差缩减至10 ns以内。结果表明,由于氢原子钟和铯原子钟的噪声差异巨大,在链路噪声校正中难以实现有效的氢铯联合校正。The signal transmission delay of the optical fiber time-frequency transfer link fluctuates with the change of temperature,and its fluctuation amplitude increases with the increase of optical fiber link length and temperature change range.For noise with reciprocating fluctuation characteristics in time-frequency transfer links,the weighted average method of the total noise of inter-station clock difference of remote atomic clocks shows good calibration effect in satellite systems.The amplitude of temperature delay fluctuations in ultra-long distance optical fiber timefrequency transfer links far exceeds that of the space-ground communication link of satellite system.The calibration effect of this method on the reciprocating fluctuation noise at the level of optical fiber temperature delay fluctuation is still uncertain.The simulation results based on the hydrogen atomic clock show that this method has good calibration effect on the temperature delay fluctuation of optical fiber.Under the simulated temperature delay fluctuation of 1,000 kilometers,when the time keeping stations at both ends of the optical fiber have 12 hydrogen atomic clocks each,the calibration residual is around 1ns.The difference in frequency stability between the crossstation clock after calibration and the atomic clock is two orders of magnitude lower than the frequency stability of the atomic clock.When the time keeping stations at both ends of the optical fiber have 400 cesium atomic clocks each,the calibration residual is around 10ns.Due to the significant difference in noise between hydrogen atomic clocks and cesium atomic clocks,it’s difficult to achieve joint calculation of hydrogen and cesium atomic clocks.

关 键 词：光纤 温度时延波动 噪声校正 时频传递 

分 类 号：TN931.7[电子电信—信号与信息处理]