GRIST单柱模式及其在评估两套物理方案包中的应用  

The GRIST single-column model and its application to evaluating two physics parameterization packages

作　　者：张萌 李晓涵 陈湉茹 张祎 ZHANG Meng;LI Xiaohan;CHEN Tianru;ZHANG Yi(2035 Future Laboratory,PIESAT Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100195,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling/Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]航天宏图信息技术股份有限公司2035未来实验室,北京100195 [2]清华大学地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室/地球系统科学系,北京100084 [3]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象学报》2024年第6期789-800,共12页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42205160)。

摘　　要：介绍了面向全球-区域一体化预测系统(GRIST)发展的单柱模式(GRIST_SCM)。GRIST_SCM通过将三维大气动力简化为一维计算,实现对大气柱内物理过程的独立测试和评估。基于GRIST_SCM,考察了面向天气预测应用的物理参数化包(PhysW)和面向气候模拟及气候变化预估的物理参数化包(PhysC)在刻画云降水过程时的物理过程间相互作用。基于热带暖池国际云试验,展示了两套物理参数化包对一次深对流过程的模拟性能。PhysW和PhysC都形成了与观测总体一致的云和降水演变趋势。区别在于:PhysC对降水事件生消的捕捉能力弱于PhysW,其原因是深对流触发过于频繁,产生持续弱对流降水;PhysW形成的暖云量少于观测和PhysC,主要原因是深对流对低层水汽的垂直输送较强,使得基于环境相对湿度诊断的大尺度凝结过程以蒸发为主。GRIST_SCM详细展示了两种物理参数化包对于云降水过程的刻画能力及其差异背后的物理机制。由于PhysW对流参数化能更好地捕捉降水生消过程,因此PhysW表现出比PhysC更好的降水模拟能力,而PhysC模拟的云量分布和云生消过程与观测更接近,因此展现出优于PhysW的云过程模拟能力。The single-column model of the Global-Regional Integrated forecast SysTem(GRIST_SCM)is introduced.GRIST_SCM simplifies the atmospheric dynamics within a single atmospheric column and enables relatively independent testing and evaluation of physical parameterizations.Two physics packages used for weather forecast(PhysW)and climate modeling(PhysC)are tested via GRIST_SCM.The Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment(TWP-ICE)is employed to study the representation of a deep convective process by PhysW and PhysC,respectively.Interactions among physical processes in terms of modeling clouds and precipitation are evaluated.Overall,cloud and precipitation evolution trends in the PhysW and PhysC simulations are consistent with observations.PhysW shows a better ability to simulate precipitation processes,while PhysC shows a better ability to simulate cloud processes.PhysC cannot well capture the onset and retreat of rainfall events during TWP-ICE.It produces persistent weak convective precipitation due to the too frequently triggered deep convection.The warm cloud fraction for PhysW is smaller than observations and that for PhysC.This is attributed to strong vertical transport of low-level water vapor by deep convective process,which leads to evaporation domination in the large-scale condensation/evaporation diagnosis based on relative humidity.

关 键 词：单柱模式 物理参数化 云和降水过程模拟 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]