时速400 km轮轨制动大蠕滑黏着试验研究(三)——水介质条件下制动黏着系数  

Experimental Study on Large Creepage Adhesion of Wheel/Rail Braking at 400 km·h^(-1)(Ⅲ)—Braking Adhesion Coefficient in Water Medium

作　　者：常崇义 陈波 李兰[1,2] 李果 CHANG Chongyi;CHEN Bo;LI Lan;LI Guo(Railway Science and Technology Research and Development Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Wheel-Rail System Laboratory,National Engineering Research Center of System Technology for High-Speed Railway and Urban Rail Transit,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [2]高速铁路与城轨交通系统技术国家工程研究中心轮轨关系实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2024年第6期168-174,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2268212);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司院基金课题(2020YJ122)。

摘　　要：虽然对200~400 km·h^(-1)速度范围内轮轨黏着再上升特性已有一定认识,但对不同速度和黏着阶段轮轨黏着力系数极大值(黏着系数)的分布规律仍不明确,认识的不足制约了400 km·h^(-1)速度等级列车制动黏着效率的提升。通过进行1∶1高速轮轨关系试验台系统试验,研究50~440 km·h^(-1)速度范围内轮轨间水介质条件下轮轨制动大蠕滑黏着系数的分布。结果表明:在制动大蠕滑率加载过程中,出现的第1个峰值点(A点)的制动黏着系数与牵引黏着系数之间存在一致性,出现的第2个峰值点(B点)的制动黏着系数约为A点的2~3倍,并随速度的增加呈近似线性减小的趋势;在制动大蠕滑率卸载过程中,出现的第3个峰值点(C点)的制动黏着系数显著高于B点,高出约1倍,并在300~440 km·h^(-1)速度范围内随速度的增加而减小,C点处优异的制动黏着性能对提高列车的制动性能和稳定性起到了关键作用;轮轨低粗糙度接触表面在水介质条件下,制动黏着系数较中等粗糙度时低,且在大蠕滑率卸载过程中较难出现“卸载峰”(C点),将会显著影响列车的制动效率和安全性能。Although preliminary understanding of the wheel/rail adhesion re-rising characteristics in the speed range of 200-400 km/h has been achieved,the distribution law of the maximum wheel-rail adhesion force coefficient(adhesion coefficient)at different speeds and adhesion stages remains unclear,limiting the improvement of the train braking adhesion efficiency at the 400 km/h speed level.Using a 1∶1 scale high-speed wheel-rail test rig,the distribution of the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient during large-slip braking under water-mediated conditions was obtained for speeds ranging from 50 to 440 km/h.The results show that:a consistency exists between the braking adhesion coefficient at the first peak(point A)and the traction adhesion coefficient during large-slip loading;the braking adhesion coefficient at the second peak(point B)is approximately 2-3 times that of point A,and exhibits a near-linear decreasing trend with increasing speed;the braking adhesion coefficient at the third peak(point C)appearing during large-slip unloading is significantly higher than that of point B,exceeding it by approximately 1 time,and decreases with increasing speed in the range of 300-440 km/h.The superior adhesion performance at point C plays a key role in improving train braking performance and stability.Under low roughness wheel-rail contact surfaces and water-mediated conditions,the braking adhesion coefficient is lower than that under medium roughness conditions,and the“unloading peak”(point C)is less likely to appear during large-slip unloading,which will significantly affect train braking efficiency and safety.

关 键 词：黏着再上升 加卸载控制 蠕滑率保持 表面粗糙度 黏着力系数 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]