梯棱羊肚菌菌丝体和子实体多糖提取工艺优化及抗氧化和免疫活性  

Extraction Process Optimization of Polysaccharides from Mycelium and Fruiting Body of Morchella importuna and Their Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Activities

作　　者：戴宗一 陈洪雨 徐爱国 韩玉翠 鲍大鹏[2] 王伟霞 李福后 唐利华[2] DAI Zongyi;CHEN Hongyu;XU Aiguo;HAN Yucui;BAO Dapeng;WANG Weixia;LI Fuhou;TANG Lihua(College of Marine Food and Bioengineering,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Edible fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Institute of Plateau Biological,Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,Tibet,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋食品与生物工程学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201403 [3]西藏自治区高原生物研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2024年第6期99-111,共13页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：西藏自治区重点研发计划项目(XZ202101ZY0005N)。

摘　　要：采用单因素实验研究提取时间、温度和液料比对梯棱羊肚菌(Morchella importuna)菌丝体多糖(MIMP)和子实体多糖(MIFP)中多糖含量的影响,通过响应面法确定MIMP、MIFP最佳提取工艺参数,对其结构进行初步分析,并比较其抗氧化和免疫活性。结果表明:MIMP的最佳提取条件为166 min、86℃、液料比31∶1(mL∶g),提取物中多糖含量为(54.25±1.30)%;其主要由葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖组成,摩尔比为0.71∶0.11∶0.07;重均分子量Mw和数均分子量Mn分别为5.082×10^(4)、3.160×10^(4) g·mol^(-1)。MIFP的最佳提取条件为161min、86℃、液料比31∶1(mL∶g),提取物中多糖含量为(39.85±1.55)%;其主要由葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖组成,摩尔比为0.42∶0.31∶0.22;重均分子量Mw和数均分子量Mn分别为1.263×10^(4)、8.345×10^(3) g·mol^(-1)。当质量浓度为1.0 mg·mL^(-1)时,MIMP、MIFP对ABTS自由基的清除率分别为74%、53%,对DPPH自由基的清除率分别为61%、46%,对羟自由基的清除率分别为78%、51%;在0.1~1.0mg·mL^(-1)范围内,对自由基清除率逐渐提高,且MIMP高于MIFP。25~100μg·mL^(-1)的MIMP和MIFP均能刺激巨噬细胞释放NO,两者活性无差异。研究结果可为梯棱羊肚菌菌丝体和子实体多糖的开发提供参考。The effects of extraction time,temperature,and liquid-to-solid ratio on contents of polysaccharides from Morchella importuna mycelium(MIMP)and fruiting bodies(MIFP)were studied by single-factor experiment.Then the optimal extraction parameters were determined through response surface design.MIMP and MIFP were then analyzed for their structures,and compared for their antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for MIMP were extraction time 166 min, extraction temperature 86 ℃, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 31∶1 (mL∶g). Under the optimal conditions, the polysaccharide content reached (54.25±1.30)%, closely matching the theoretical predicted value of 55.14%. MIMP was primarily composed of glucose, mannose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 0.71∶0.11∶0.07, and its weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and number-average molecular weight (Mn) were 5.082×10^(4) and 3.160×10^(4) g·mol^(-1), respectively. For MIFP, the optimal extraction conditions were extraction time 161 min, extraction temperature 86 ℃, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 31∶1 (mL∶g), under which the polysaccharide content was (39.85±1.55)% and consistent with the response surface prediction value of 40.14%. MIFP was mainly composed of glucose, mannose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 0.42∶0.31∶0.22, and its Mw and Mn were 1.263×10^(4) and 8.345×10^(3) g·mol^(-1), respectively. Both MIMP and MIFP showed scavenging activities against ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl radicals, with scavenging rates of 74% and 53% against ABTS, 61% and 46% against DPPH, and 78% and 51% against hydroxyl radicals, respectively. In the range of 0.1-1.0 mg·mL^(-1), the free radical scavenging rates of MIMP and MIFP gradually increased, with MIMP showing higher activity than MIFP at the same concentration. Both MIMP and MIFP stimulated NO release from RAW264.7 macrophages at 25-100 μg·mL^(-1), and there was no significant difference between them. This study provided a reference for the development

关 键 词：羊肚菌 多糖 响应面 抗氧化 免疫调节 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]