荒漠草原中不同放牧强度下植物群落的相似性研究  

Study on the similarity of plant communities in desert steppe under different grazing intensities

作　　者：薛昌琳 董瑞 吕世杰[2] 云杰 吴艳玲[1] XUE Changlin;DONG Rui;LYU Shijie;YUN Jie;WU Yanling(College of Life Sciences and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022;College of Grassland Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古农业大学草业学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《草原与草业》2024年第4期22-27,共6页Grassland and Prataculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860156);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020MS03056)。

摘　　要：不同放牧强度下荒漠草原植物群落物种多样性及相似性的响应对荒漠草原可持续利用的研究至关重要。本研究以内蒙古荒漠草原植物群落作为研究对象,调查分析了不放牧(CK)、轻度放牧(LG)、中度放牧(MG)、重度放牧(HG)、极重度放牧(EG)5种放牧强度下植物群落基本数量特征、物种多样性及其相似性。研究发现,随着放牧强度的增大,植物群落高度、盖度、生物量均呈现降低的趋势;植物群落的密度呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在重度放牧区达到最大;植物群落α多样性指数均呈现先降低后升高的趋势;植物群落多样性的相似性呈现先降低后升高的趋势。综合来看,放牧强度保持在中度放牧强度以下,不仅可以维持较高的数量特征,也能够维持较高的物种多样性,进而维持草地的可持续利用潜在能力。The response of species diversity and similarity of plant communities in desert grasslands under different grazing intensities is of vital significance for the sustainable utilization of desert grasslands.The plant community in the desert grassland of Inner Mongolia was taken as the research object,and the basic quantitative characteristics,species diversity,and similarity of the plant community under five grazing intensities of no grazing(CK),light grazing(LG),moderate grazing(MG),heavy grazing(HG),and extremely heavy grazing(EG)were investigated and analyzed.It was found that with the increase of grazing intensity,the height,coverage,and biomass of the plant community all presented a decreasing trend;the density of the plant community showed an initial increase followed by a decrease,reaching the maximum in the heavy grazing area;theαdiversity index of the plant community showed an initial decrease followed by an increase;the similarity of plant community diversity showed an initial decrease followed by an increase.Comprehensively,when the grazing intensity was maintained below the moderate level,it could not only sustain higher quantitative characteristics but also maintain higher species diversity,thereby maintaining the potential capacity for the sustainable utilization of grassland.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 放牧强度 相似性 多样性指数 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]