布鲁克斯诗歌中的“逃逸线”与性别政治书写  

“Line of Flight”and Gender Politics in Gwendolyn Brooks’s Poetry

作　　者：方幸福[1] 任怡 FANG Xingfu;REN Yi(School of Foreign Languages,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学外国语学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《山东外语教学》2024年第6期82-92,共11页Shandong Foreign Language Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“美国民权运动时期非裔女性作家政治书写研究”(项目编号:19BWW069)的阶段性成果;中央高校基本科研业务费资助(项目编号:CCNU24ZZ077)。

摘　　要：格温多琳·布鲁克斯是美国民权运动时期著名的非裔女性诗人,其作品蕴含着对性别、种族、阶级等问题的深刻关切。布鲁克斯诗歌以其温和又激进的政治美学呈现出德勒兹式的“逃逸线”:解域既定的社会规范、权力结构和意识形态,生成生命并创造无限可能性。布鲁克斯将抵抗性、解放性与创造性的逃逸线交织于诗歌性别与政治的互动中,这成为她对性别歧视这一政治现状的非暴力抵抗策略。抵抗性逃逸线使得布鲁克斯超越性别与种族意义上的“双重他者”身份,解域社会性别规范与男性话语权威;解放性逃逸线促使其笔下的黑人女性奋力摆脱被编码为客体及边缘人的身份处境,获得生成主体性与尊严的可能;创造性逃逸线引领黑人女性跨越身份边界,生成游牧式的黑人女性主体,获得重塑自我与凝聚黑人族群的力量。Gwendolyn Brooks is a prominent Afro-American female writer during the American Civil Rights Movement,whose poetry is imbued with intense concerns about class,race,and gender issues.It is argued in this paper that,the moderate-radical political aesthetics of Brooks’s poetry embodies Deleuze’s“line of flight”,which aims to deterritorialize established social norms,power structures,and ideologies,generating life and infinite possibilities.Brooks interweaves resisting,liberating and creating lines of flight within the interplay of gender and politics in her poetry,which serves as her strategy of nonviolent resistance to the political status quo of sexism. Through the resisting power encapsulated in the lines of flight, Brooks transcends her identity as a “double other” in terms of race and gender, deterritorializing social gender norms, and the authority of traditional male discourses. Empowered by the liberating lines of flight, black women in Brooks’s works strive to break free from their socially coded roles as objects and marginalized figures, reclaiming their ability to foster subjectivity and dignity. In virtue of creative lines of flight, black women cross the boundaries of their identities, become nomadic black female subjects, and obtain the power to reshape themselves and unite the black community.

关 键 词：格温多琳·布鲁克斯 逃逸线 解域 生成 性别政治 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]