制度与路径:明代西南土司制度与中华民族共同体发展研究  

System and Path: Research on the Southwest Chieftain System and the Development of theChinese Nation as a Community of all Ethnic Groups in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：曹琪琛 CAO Qichen(History and Archives College,Yunnan University,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史与档案学院,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《文山学院学报》2024年第6期54-59,共6页Journal of Wenshan University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“唐宋时期西南民族族际交往与中华民族共同体发展研究”(21BMZ121);云南省兴滇英才文化名家项目“古代西南民族交往交流交融与中华民族共同体发展研究”;云南大学新一轮“双一流”建设项目哲社创新团队项目“中华民族史研究”;云南省教育厅科研基金项目“明代西南地区土司制度与中华民族共同体发展研究”(2023Y0332)。

摘　　要：明代土司制度研究者众,成果丰硕,然多关注于明代西南土司制度之设立、内容诸方面。具体对明代西南土司制度历史价值之研究则多集中在政治、经济、文化、社会等面向,对其与中华民族之自在发展关联的解读尚不多见。明承元制,完善和夯实了土司制度,并在建设统一的多民族国家历史进程中发挥了积极促进作用。明中后期,土司制度弊端显现,严重破坏了国家稳定和社会发展,只能改土归流。从历史发展的长期性和整体性而论,明初西南土司制度的推行,一定程度上加强了土司及其治下各族对明王朝的认同,推动了边疆地区开发与建设,促进了民族间的交流与融合,对推进中华民族共同体的自在发展具有重要的历史价值,为铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供了新的视阈。The researchers of the chieftain system in the Ming Dynasty have achieved fruitful results,but they pay more attention to the establishment,content and characteristics of the southwest chieftain system in the Ming Dynasty.Specifically,the study of the historical value of southwest chieftain system in the Ming Dynasty focuses on politics,economy,culture,ethnic relations and society,and it is rare to interpret its connection with the free development of the Chinese nation as a community of all ethnic groups.The Ming Dynasty inherited the system of the Yuan Dynasty.Then,Ming improved and consolidated the chieftain system,and played an active role in promoting the historical process of building a unified multi-ethnic country.After the middle Ming Dynasty,the disadvantages of the chieftain system appeared,which seriously damaged the national stability and social development.The Ming Dynasty could only used bureaucratization of native officers.According to the theory of the long-term development and the integral development of the history of the Chinese nation,the implementation of the southwest chieftain system in the early Ming Dynasty,to a certain extent,strengthened the recognition of the chieftain and ethnic groups under the chieftain to the Ming Dynasty.It has important historical value for promoting the development self-being of the Chinese nation as a community of all ethnic groups,and provides a new threshold for the current casting of consolidating the consciousness of the Chinese nation as a community of all ethnic groups.

关 键 词：明代 西南地区 土司制度 中华民族共同体 自在发展 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学]