水土保持项目碳信用核算方法与应用——以长汀县罗地河小流域综合治理为例  

Carbon credit accounting method and application in soil and water conservation projects:A case study of comprehensive treatment in the Luodihe watershed

作　　者：李小燕 李智广[2] 成辉 吴娟 卢顺发 谢锦升[5] 钟小剑[5] LI Xiaoyan;LI Zhiguang;CHENG Hui;WU Juan;LU Shunfa;XIE Jinsheng;ZHONG Xiaojian(Department of Liberal Arts,Research and Revision,Fujian Institute of Education,350001,Fuzhou,China;The Center of Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring,Ministry of Water Resources,100053,Beijing,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Ministry of Water Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi,China;Fujian Experimental Station of Soil and Water Conservation,350003,Fuzhou,China;Institute of Geography,Fujian Normal University,350117,Fuzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]福建教育学院文科研修部,福州350001 [2]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100053 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [4]福建省水土保持试验站,福州350003 [5]福建师范大学地理研究所,福州350117

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2024年第6期136-143,共8页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部重大科技项目“南方红壤区典型侵蚀退化地不同治理措施碳汇效应与计量技术研究与示范”(SK S-2022083);福建省水利科技项目“南方红壤侵蚀区水土保持项目碳汇核算研究”(MSK202311);福建省新型智库2024年研究重大课题“调动社会力量参与我省“双碳”目标实现的着力点研究”(24MZKA10)。

摘　　要：为了探索我国水土保持碳汇项目碳信用评估方法,促进可测量、可报告、可核查的水土保持碳汇项目碳信用进入碳市场进行交易,以长汀县罗地河小流域综合治理碳汇项目为例,提出综合考虑碳汇效益、生物多样性测度及社区发展效益的水土保持碳汇项目碳信用核算方法,分析该流域各碳库碳储量、温室气体排放量的变化情况,计算罗地河小流域综合治理项目碳汇效益;通过参与式乡村评估、实地走访、文献资料调查等方法,评定罗地河小流域的生物多样性测度情况与社区发展效益。发现经过20 a的综合治理,罗地河小流域碳汇效益为3万571.05 t,年均1455.76 t/a。生物多样性与社区发展效益评定结果表明,罗地河小流域综合治理项目为Ⅰ类项目,无需对碳信用进行调整。罗地河小流域综合治理的碳信用有效体现综合治理活动的固碳减排增汇、多样性恢复和消除贫困等多重效益。水土保持碳汇项目碳信用核算方法的开发,有助于利用碳市场机制实现资源的有效配置,能为以小流域综合治理为代表的水土保持活动拓宽融资渠道,进一步加强对退化生态系统的修复和保护。[Background]Promoting the construction of carbon credit assessment methods for soil and water conservation carbon sink projects is an important means to achieve China's carbon neutrality goal,but there is no study on the methodology for the evaluation of soil and water conservation carbon credit benefits.Soil and water conservation management in the Luodihe small watershed in Changting county is a typical comprehensive watershed management project,and the exploration of its carbon credit benefit is typical,which can provide some theoretical reference and technical support for the evaluation of carbon credit benefit in other related areas.[Methods]The carbon sink measurement method under the baseline and project scenarios was used to calculate the carbon sink benefits of the Luodihe Small Watershed Comprehensive Management Project,and the carbon credit accounting method of the soil and water conservation carbon sink project considering the carbon sink benefits,biodiversity measurement and community development benefits was proposed through participatory village assessment,field visits,literature surveys and other methods,and the carbon credit benefits of the comprehensive management of the Luodihe small Basin were analyzed by using this method.[Results]1)It was found that after 20 years of comprehensive treatment,the carbon sink benefit of the Luodihe small watershed was 30571.05 t,with an average annual value of 1455.76 t/a,and the carbon sink benefit of the comprehensive management of soil and water conservation was significant.2)The assessment system of biodiversity and community development benefits of small watersheds was constructed,and the results of biodiversity assessment showed that the comprehensive management project of the small watershed of the Luodihe was a category I project,and its biodiversity was greatly improved.The results of community development benefit evaluation show that the community benefit of the Luodihe small watershed comprehensive management project is significant,and it is also a c

关 键 词：小流域综合治理 水土保持碳汇 碳信用 生物多样性 社区发展 罗地河 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]