ABC转运蛋白调控植物根系分泌物外排的研究进展  

Research Progress of ABC Transporter in Regulating Plant Root Exudation Efflux

作　　者：付小彤 李楠楠 张一涵 李坤[1] FU Xiaotong;LI Nannan;ZHANG Yihan;LI Kun(College of Horticulure,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2024年第6期779-787,共9页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32072512)。

摘　　要：根际微生态环境影响着植物的生长发育,良好的根际微生态环境有利于植株的生长。根系分泌物作为根际微生态环境的重要组成成分,是植物与根际环境交流的重要载体,植物可以通过调节根系分泌物的种类及含量,促进或抑制某些根际微生物的生长与繁殖,改变根际土壤微生物群落结构与功能,调控根际微生态环境,进而影响植株的生长发育。传统上根系分泌物被认为是通过被动途径运输到根际土壤中,随着研究的深入,现已证实根系能够依靠跨膜转运蛋白参与的主动运输途径,调控根系分泌物的种类及含量。ABC(ATP-binding cassette transporter)转运蛋白作为生物界最大的膜蛋白家族之一,能够通过利用水解ATP释放的能量,参与多种化合物的运输,如脂类、酚酸、激素等物质,在介导根系分泌物的跨膜运输、影响根际微生物的种类及丰度、调控根际微生态环境中发挥着重要作用。为了更深入明确根系分泌物的分泌机制及其对根际微生态的作用效应,总结根系分泌物的种类,描述根系分泌的基本过程,概述ABC转运蛋白的结构及种类,对近年来关于ABC转运蛋白调控根系分泌物外排进而影响根际微生态的研究成果进行详细综述,并对今后关于ABC转运蛋白基因在根系分泌物外排中的研究方向提出展望,以期为相关领域的研究提供参考与启示。Rhizosphere microecological environment affects the growth and development of plants,and a good rhizosphere microecological environment is beneficial to plant growth.As an important component of rhizosphere microecological environment,root exudate was an important carrier for the communication between plants and rhizosphere environment.Plants can promote or inhibit the growth and reproduction of certain rhizosphere microorganisms by regulating the types and contents of root exudate,and change the structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial community,further regulates rhizosphere microecological environment and influences plant growth and development.Traditionally,root exudates were considered to be transported to rhizosphere soil through passive pathways.With the deepening of research,it has been confirmed that roots can regulate the type and content of root exudates by active transport pathways involving transmembrane transporters.As the largest transporter family in the biological world,ABC(ATP-binding cassette transporter)transporters can participate in the transport of various compounds,such as lipids,phenolic acids,hormones and other substances,by utilizing the energy released by hydrolysis of ATP.ABC transporter plays an important role in mediating transmembrane transport of root exudates,influencing the species and abundance of rhizosphere microorganisms,and regulating rhizosphere microecological environment.In this paper,the types of root exudates were summarized,the basic process of root exudates was described,the structures and types of ABC transporters were outlined and the recent research findings on the efflux of root exudate regulated by ABC transporters and their influence on rhizosphere microecology were reviewed in detail.The future research direction of ABC transporter gene in root exudates was also proposed,aiming to offer insights and references for related research field.

关 键 词：ABC转运蛋白 根系分泌物 分泌过程 根际微生态 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]