基于叶片和果实性状的桃金娘天然居群表型多样性分析  

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Natural Populations Based on Leaf and Fruit Traits

作　　者：覃俏梅 彭莉霞 丁鑫 贺春燕 孟祥玉 廖柏勇 敖家维 杨燕华 QIN Qiaomei;PENG Lixia;DING Xin;HE Chunyan;MENG Xiangyu;LIAO Boyong;AO Jiawei;YANG Yanhua(School of Landscape Architecture,Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China;School of Forestry Engineering,Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225,China)

机构地区：[1]广东生态工程职业学院风景园林学院,广东广州510520 [2]广东生态工程职业学院林业工程学院,广东广州510520 [3]仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院,广东广州510225

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2024年第6期1-9,共9页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：广州市科技计划(202201011461);广东生态工程职业学院校级科研课题(2020kykt-xj-zk05);广东省林业科技创新项目(2020KJCX011)。

摘　　要：为了全面且深入地研究桃金娘Rhodomyrtus tomentosa天然居群表型多样性,研究对桃金娘自然分布区内36个居群的果实和叶片表型性状进行分析,选取桃金娘15个表型指标,计算其平均值、标准差、变异系数、表型分化系数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数,并完成表型性状的聚类分析。结果表明,桃金娘各性状的平均变异系数为6.87%~40.83%,胎座宽度、叶长、叶面积和叶周长的平均变异系数较大,均在15%以上。文山、桂林和雷州居群的表型性状变异系数较大,均在17%以上。各性状的平均Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为0.68~2.39,单轮种子数的平均Shannon-Wiener多样性指数明显低于其他性状。各居群性状的平均Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.19~2.02,来宾、惠州和汕尾居群的表型性状多样性指数较大。居群间的方差分量占22.91%,居群内的方差分量占38.13%,表型分化系数为0.14~0.83。基于表型性状,桃金娘居群划分为4类。惠州、汕尾居群可作为选育大果的优良种质资源,昌江、五指山、温州居群可作为选育可溶性固形物含量高的优良种质资源。To comprehensively and deeply study the phenotypic diversity of natural populations of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa,the phenotypic traits of fruits and leaves of 36 populations in the natural distribution area of R.tomentosa were analyzed.Fifteen phenotypic indicators of R.tomentosa were selected to calculate the mean values,standard deviations,coefficients of variation,phenotypic differentiation coefficients,and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices,and the cluster analysis of phenotypic traits was conducted.The results showed that the average coefficient of variation for each trait ranged from 6.87%to 40.83%.Notably,the placenta width,leaf length,leaf area,and leaf perimeter exhibited higher average coefficients of variation,all exceeding 15%.The phenotypic trait variation coefficients for the populations in Wenshan,Guilin,and Leizhou were relatively high,all exceeding 17%.The average Shannon-Wiener diversity index for each trait ranged from 0.68 to 2.39,with the average Shannon-Wiener diversity index for the number of seeds per whorl being significantly lower than that of other traits.The average Shannon-Wiener diversity indices for the phenotypic traits of the populations ranged from 1.19 to 2.02,with the populations in Laibin,Huizhou,and Shanwei exhibiting higher phenotypic trait diversity indices.The variance component among populations accounted for 22.91%,while the variance component within populations accounted for 38.13%.The phenotypic differentiation coefficients ranged from 0.14 to 0.83.Based on the phenotypic traits,the populations of R.tomentosa were classified into four groups.Notably,R.tomentosa populations from Huizhou and Shanwei are identified as superior germplasm sources for the selection and breeding of large-fruit varieties,while the populations from Changjiang,Wuzhishan and Wenzhou are recognized as superior germplasm sources for the selection and breeding of high brix varieties.

关 键 词：桃金娘科 种质资源 表型变异 多样性分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]