钢铁企业周边土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价  

Heavy Metal Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Soil Surrounding A Steel Enterprise

作　　者：余正兴 YU Zhengxing(Sanming Min Environmental Protection Investment Co.,Ltd,Sanming,Fujian 353000,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市闽环国投环保有限公司,福建三明353000

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2024年第6期128-134,共7页Forestry and Environmental Science

摘　　要：为明确钢铁企业周边土壤的污染程度及污染风险,以福建省某钢铁企业为例,采用系统布点法并结合大气沉降范围和地形等因素,共布点23个,其中在距企业边界50 m内布点5个(记空间距离为50 m),在边界外大气沉降范围内距企业边界约500 m处布点15个(记空间距离为500 m),在大气沉降范围外距企业边界约1000 m处布对照样点3个(记空间距离为1000 m),测定土壤中镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)、锌(Zn)共8种重金属含量,并采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合指数法对土壤环境进行了评价。结果表明,50和500 m处土壤的As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn含量均超过福建省土壤背景值。评价结果表明,距钢铁企业边界50和500 m处,内梅罗综合指数分别为20.47、24.85,为重污染,Cd和Zn单因子指数均大于1,为重污染,表明钢铁企业周边土壤受到污染。To clarify the pollution situation and risks of soil surrounding the iron and steel enterprise,taking a steel enterprise in Fujian province as an example,a systematic point distribution method was adopted,combined with factors such as atmospheric deposition range and terrain,with a total of 23 points distributed.Among them,5 points were distributed within 50 meters of the enterprise boundary(with a spatial distance of 50 m),15 points were distributed about 500 meters away from the enterprise boundary within the atmospheric deposition range outside the boundary(with a spatial distance of 500 m),and 3 control points were distributed about 1000 m away from the enterprise boundary outside the atmospheric deposition range(with a spatial distance of 1000 m)to determine the content of 8 heavy metals,including cadmium Cd,mercury Hg,arsenic As,lead Pb,chromium Cr,copper Cu,nickel Ni,and zinc Zn,in the soil.The single factor index method and Nemerow comprehensive index method were used to evaluate the soil environment.The results showed that the content of 8 heavy metals,including As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,and Zn,at 50 and 500 m exceeded the background values.The evaluation results showed that the Mero comprehensive index at 50 and 500 m of the steel enterprise was 20.47 and 24.85,respectively,indicating heavy pollution.The single factor index of Cd and Zn was greater than 1,indicating that the soil around the steel enterprise was polluted.

关 键 词：钢铁企业 土壤 重金属含量 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]