纳米颗粒粒径、形貌及大体积分数颗粒粒径测量  

Measurement of nanoparticle size,morphology and large volume fraction particle size

作　　者：刘泽奇 仪显亨 蔡天意 蔡小舒[1,2] LIU Zeqi;YI Xianheng;CAI Tianyi;CAI Xiaoshu(College of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;MeaparTech Scientific Instrument Co.,Ltd.,Jiaxing 314200,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093 [2]嘉兴美帕克仪器科技有限公司,浙江嘉兴314200

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2025年第1期118-129,共12页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:52376163。

摘　　要：【目的】准确、快速测量纳米颗粒的粒径、形貌,同时避免颗粒体积分数过高对测量结果的影响。【方法】采用3种新的纳米颗粒测量方法图像动态光散射法、偏振图像动态光散射法、大体积分数纳米颗粒180°光纤后向动态光散射法,分别快速测量纳米颗粒的粒径及分布、形貌及分布、大体积分数纳米颗粒的粒径;利用基于不同测量方法研制的3种仪器测量多种纳米颗粒,包括球形、非球形和工业纳米颗粒样品。【结果】图像动态光散射法可以快速准确地测量纳米颗粒的粒径,光纤后向动态光散射法可以测量体积分数高达20%的纳米颗粒粒径;对于非球形纳米颗粒,采用光学球体度表征颗粒形貌,偏振图像动态光散射法可以快速测出颗粒的光学球体度和光学球体度分布,用于表征被测颗粒偏离球体的程度,以及非球形纳米颗粒形貌的一致性;非球形颗粒形状偏离球体越远,光学球体度值越小,光学球体度分布越窄,表明非球形纳米颗粒的形貌越均匀。【结论】使用这3种纳米颗粒测量仪器可以实现纳米颗粒粒径的实时测量、纳米颗粒的形貌测量以及高体积分数纳米颗粒的在线测量,可以应用于药物生产的实时监测、化学样品的工艺分析、磨料颗粒的性能评估等方面。Objective The properties and applications of nanoparticles are closely related to their size,morphology,and the concentration of the dispersion system.The main methods for measuring nanoparticle size include various typesof electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering(DLS).Nanoparticle morphology is typically measured using electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy(AFM).However,electron microscopy can only analyze a small number of samples at a time,requires complex and time-consuming sample preparation,and is unsuitable for online detection in industrial production.Compared to electron microscopy and AFM,DLS is a commonly used method for measuring nanoparticle size.It has the advantages of short measurement times,easy sample preparation,low cost,compact equipment,and ease of use.However,traditional DLS methodsare insufficient for real-time particle size measurement,particle morphology characterization,and in-situ online measurement of nanoparticles at high concentrations,highlighting the need to improve the DLS method.Methods This paper introduced three newly developed methods for nanoparticle measurement:image-based dynamic light scattering(IDLS),polarized image-based dynamic light scattering(PIDLS),and 180°fiber-optic backward dynamic light scattering(FBDLS).These methods can quickly measure nanoparticle size,morphology,and their distributions,and can directly measure high-concentration nanoparticles.The paper also presented three instruments based on these methods,which could be used to measure a variety of nanoparticles,including spherical,non-spherical,and industrial nanoparticles.Results and Discussion Results indicate that the IDLS method can quickly and accurately measure nanoparticle size,while the FBDLS method can measure the size of nanoparticles at concentrations as high as 20%.For non-spherical nanoparticles,the PIDLS method can obtain the optical sphericity,which characterizes the degree to which the particle shape deviates from a sphere,as well as the optical sphericity distribution,whic

关 键 词：纳米颗粒 粒径分布 形貌分布 多次散射 动态光散射 

分 类 号：TB4[一般工业技术] TQ324.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]