不同入侵程度白三叶的化学计量特征及其营养策略  

Ecological Stoichiometry Characteristics and Nutrition Strategy of Trifolium repens at Different Invasion Degrees

作　　者：李萍 白小明[1] 陈鑫 李娟霞 冉福 闫玉邦 张才忠 陈辉 LI Ping;BAI Xiaoming;CHEN Xin;LI Juanxia;RAN Fu;YAN Yubang;ZHANG Caizhong;CHEN Hui(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province/Sino-U.S.Center for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第12期33-43,共11页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560667);甘肃省科技计划项目(20JR10RA564);甘肃省林草局草原生态修复治理科技支撑项目(GSLC-2020-3)。

摘　　要：研究入侵植物的化学计量特征有助于明晰其入侵机制和营养策略。本试验以白三叶为研究对象,比较分析了不同白三叶入侵程度下土壤养分、植物各器官碳、氮、磷含量、化学计量特征的变化及其相互关系。结果表明:(1)随白三叶入侵程度的增加,土壤有机碳、全氮、全钾、铵态氮、硝态氮及速效磷含量增大,而土壤全磷和速效钾含量减少。(2)白三叶各器官碳含量、碳氮比、碳磷比和氮磷比随入侵程度的增加而减少,而氮、磷含量增大。同一入侵程度下,白三叶碳、氮和磷表现为叶>根和茎,碳氮比和碳磷比为根和茎>叶,氮磷比为根>叶>茎;随入侵程度的增加,白三叶茎叶的生长速率加快。(3)白三叶叶氮与叶磷,茎氮与茎磷呈极显著正相关;根碳氮比与根碳磷比呈显著正相关。(4)土壤养分对白三叶各器官碳、氮和磷及其化学计量特征的影响大小顺序为:全钾>速效钾>全氮>有机碳>铵态氮>速效磷>硝态氮>全磷。综上所述,白三叶入侵改变了土壤养分,创造了对其生长有利的土壤环境;白三叶在入侵的过程中,对氮和磷较强的吸收利用率及其茎叶较快的生长速率使其具有生长竞争优势,促进其成功入侵。The study of ecological stoichiometry characteristics of invasive plants can contribute to reveal the invasion mechanisms and nutrition strategies.In this research,soil properties,carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus contents of plant organs(root,stem,and leaf),ecological stoichiometry,and their interactions were analyzed at different Trifolium repens invasion levels.The results demonstrated that:(1)Soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,total potassium,ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and available phosphorus content increased with the rise of the invasion degree of T.repens,whereas soil total phosphorus and available potassium contents decreased.(2)The carbon content,carbon nitrogen ratio,carbon phosphorus ratio,and nitrogen phosphorus ratio of plant organs of T.repens decreased with the rise of the invasion degree,while the nitrogen and phosphorus contents increased.Under the same invasion level,the carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus contents in T.repens leaves were higher than those in roots and stems.Carbon nitrogen ratio and carbon phosphorus ratio in roots and stems were higher than those in leaves.Nitrogen phosphorus ratio followed the trend of roots>leaves>stems.The growth rate of T.repens stems and leaves was accelerated when the invasion degree rose.(3)There was a significantly positive correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus in leaf and nitrogen and phosphorus in stem of T.repens,whereas carbon nitrogen ratio and carbon phosphorus ratio in root were positively correlated.(4)The effects of soil properties on the carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus contents and ecological stoichiometry characteristics in T.repens organs were ranked following TK>AK>TN>SOC>AN>AP>NN>TP.In conclusion,the invasion of T.repens changed soil nutrients and created a favourable soil environment for its growth.In the process of invasion,strong absorption and utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus and high growth rate of stem and leaf brought competitive growth advantage to T.repens and contributed to successful invasion.

关 键 词：白三叶 植物入侵 生态化学计量学 营养策略 

分 类 号：S541.2[农业科学—作物学]